Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'pulse'

English Word: pulse

Key Russian Translations:

• пульс /pulʲs/ - [Formal, Medical context]
• импульс /ɪmˈpuls/ - [Formal, Physics or electronics context]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and technical discussions, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of Russian noun declensions and vocabulary for 'пульс', and slightly more for 'импульс' in scientific contexts)

Pronunciation (Russian):

пульс: /pulʲs/

Note on пульс: The 'л' is palatalized, making it sound softer; stress is on the first syllable. Common mispronunciation by learners is to over-emphasize the 's' sound.

импульс: /ɪmˈpuls/

Note on импульс: The stress is on the second syllable; the 'п' is unaspirated, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The rhythmical throbbing of the arteries, as in a heartbeat (medical context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• пульс - Used in formal medical or health-related discussions, such as checking vital signs.

Usage Examples:

• Врач проверил мой пульс, и он был в норме.

  The doctor checked my pulse, and it was normal.

• После пробежки у меня учащается пульс.

  After jogging, my pulse speeds up.

• Измерьте пульс пациента, чтобы оценить его состояние.

  Measure the patient's pulse to assess their condition.

• Пульс ребенка обычно быстрее, чем у взрослых.

  A child's pulse is usually faster than that of adults.

Meaning 2: A sudden strong feeling or burst of energy, or a signal in physics (e.g., electrical pulse)

Translation(s) & Context:

• импульс - Used in scientific, technical, or metaphorical contexts, such as in electronics or psychology.

Usage Examples:

• Этот импульс электричества запустил механизм.

  This electrical pulse activated the mechanism.

• Она почувствовала внезапный импульс написать письмо.

  She felt a sudden impulse to write a letter.

• Импульс от удара вызвал реакцию в системе.

  The impulse from the impact triggered a response in the system.

• В физике импульс измеряется в ньютон-секундах.

  In physics, impulse is measured in newton-seconds.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'пульс' and 'импульс' are masculine nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard masculine declension patterns. 'Пульс' is a third-declension noun and inflects regularly, while 'импульс' also inflects but may vary slightly in scientific contexts.

Note: 'Пульс' is often used in singular form and does not change in informal contexts, while 'импульс' is more flexible in plural for technical discussions.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: ритм сердца (for пульс, meaning heart rhythm; more descriptive) - Often used interchangeably in casual medical talk, but ритм сердца emphasizes rhythm over the physical pulse.
• Synonyms: толчок (for импульс, meaning a push or sudden force; less technical)
• Antonyms: None direct, but for импульс in physics, it could contrast with "постоянный ток" (constant current), implying stability over suddenness.

Related Phrases:

• Измерить пульс - To measure the pulse; Used in health checkups to monitor heart rate.
• Внезапный импульс - A sudden impulse; Refers to an urge or spontaneous action in everyday language.
• Электрический импульс - Electrical pulse; Common in engineering or biology contexts.

Usage Notes:

'Пульс' directly corresponds to the medical sense of 'pulse' in English and is a standard term in Russian healthcare. It is typically used in formal or professional settings; avoid in casual conversation unless discussing health. For 'импульс', it aligns with the broader English meaning but is more common in scientific fields—choose it over 'пульс' when referring to non-biological contexts. Grammatically, both are masculine nouns, so they require masculine agreement in adjectives and verbs (e.g., "пульс сильный" - strong pulse). When multiple translations exist, select based on context to ensure precision.

Common Errors:

• English learners often confuse 'пульс' with 'ритм сердца', using them interchangeably, but 'пульс' specifically means the physical throbbing, while 'ритм сердца' is more about the pattern. Error: Saying "Мой ритм сердца высок" when meaning pulse rate. Correct: "Мой пульс высок".
• Another common mistake is incorrect declension, e.g., using nominative 'пульс' in genitive contexts. Error: "Я чувствую пульс" instead of "Я чувствую пульс в шее" (correct as is, but in phrases like "без пульса", it should be genitive). Explanation: Always check the case based on sentence structure to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'пульс' is frequently referenced in traditional medicine and folklore, such as in old sayings about checking one's pulse for emotional health. For instance, it's tied to concepts in Russian literature where a steady pulse symbolizes resilience, reflecting historical influences from Eastern European medical practices.

Related Concepts:

• артериальное давление (blood pressure)
• сердцебиение (heartbeat)
• электричество (electricity, for импульс contexts)