Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'puke'

English Word: puke

Key Russian Translations:

• блевать [blʲɪˈvatʲ] - [Informal, commonly used in everyday conversations about nausea]
• рвотать [rvɐˈtatʲ] - [More formal or medical context, less common in casual speech]
• тошнить [toʂˈnʲitʲ] - [Informal, often used to describe the feeling of nausea leading to vomiting]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its translations are not extremely common but may arise in discussions about health, illness, or informal storytelling.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; involves basic verb conjugations and context-specific usage. For 'блевать', it's straightforward; for 'рвотать', it may be slightly more advanced due to its medical connotations.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

блевать: [blʲɪˈvatʲ]

рвотать: [rvɐˈtatʲ]

тошнить: [toʂˈnʲitʲ]

Note on блевать: The 'бл' sound is a soft bilabial, which can be tricky for English speakers; emphasize the stress on the second syllable. Variations in regional accents may soften the 'в' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Vomit (verb) - The act of expelling stomach contents forcefully.

Translation(s) & Context:

• блевать - Used in informal, everyday contexts, such as describing illness in casual conversation or storytelling.
• рвотать - Typically in formal or medical settings, like doctor's descriptions or written health reports.
• тошнить - Often refers to the sensation that leads to vomiting, in informal contexts like complaining about food poisoning.

Usage Examples:

• Он блевал после того, как съел испорченные устрицы.

  He puked after eating spoiled oysters.

• Дети часто тошнит от качки в машине.

  Kids often feel like puking from motion sickness in the car.

• В больнице ей прописали лекарство, чтобы предотвратить рвотать.

  At the hospital, they prescribed medicine to prevent her from puking.

• После пьянки он блевал в ванной всю ночь.

  After the party, he puked in the bathroom all night.

• Её начало тошнить, и она быстро выбежала на улицу.

  She started feeling like puking and quickly ran outside.

Vomit (noun) - The substance expelled during vomiting.

Translation(s) & Context:

• рвота - Neutral term, used in both informal and medical contexts to refer to the act or substance.
• блевотина - More vulgar or informal, emphasizing the unpleasantness in casual speech.

Usage Examples:

• На ковре была рвота от собаки.

  There was puke on the carpet from the dog.

• Он увидел блевотину и почувствовал тошноту.

  He saw the puke and felt nauseous.

• Врачи анализировали рвоту пациента.

  The doctors analyzed the patient's puke.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For verbs like 'блевать' and 'рвотать', Russian verbs follow patterns based on conjugation classes. 'Блевать' is an imperfective verb, while 'рвотать' can be imperfective. Nouns like 'рвота' decline by case and number. Below is a table for key inflections:

For 'рвота' (noun, feminine):

• Nominative singular: рвота
• Genitive singular: рвоты
• Plural: рвоты (with case variations, e.g., Genitive plural: рвот)

'Тошнить' follows similar verb conjugations as above. These verbs are regular in most aspects but may have spelling changes in certain forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: тошнить, рвотать, изрыгать (more literary or formal)
• Note: 'Изрыгать' is a synonym but is more dramatic and less common, often used in poetic or historical contexts.
• Antonyms: успокаивать (to soothe, as in calming nausea) – not a direct antonym but contextually opposite in health discussions.

Related Phrases:

• блевать кровью – Vomiting blood; used in medical emergencies to indicate serious conditions.
• рвотный рефлекс – Gag reflex; a phrase related to the involuntary response leading to puking.
• тошнить от запаха – To feel nauseous from a smell; common in everyday descriptions of aversion.

Usage Notes:

'Блевать' is the most direct and informal equivalent to 'puke' in English, making it suitable for casual conversations, while 'рвотать' is preferred in professional or medical settings to maintain formality. Be cautious with 'блевотина' as it can be vulgar. English speakers should note that Russian verbs require aspect (imperfective for ongoing actions), so pair 'пукать' with appropriate contexts. When choosing between translations, opt for 'тошнить' if emphasizing the sensation rather than the act.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'блевать' in formal writing, e.g., saying "Пациент блевал" in a medical report. Correct: Use 'рвотать' for formality. Explanation: 'Блевать' is too casual and may sound unprofessional.
• Error: Confusing conjugation, e.g., saying "Я блевает" instead of "Я блеваю". Correct: "Я блеваю". Explanation: Russian verbs must agree with the subject in person and number, following standard patterns.
• Error: Overusing in non-medical contexts, leading to exaggeration. Correct: Reserve for genuine illness descriptions to avoid sounding dramatic.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions about vomiting or illness are often straightforward in casual settings but more reserved in formal ones. Words like 'блевать' can appear in literature or folklore to depict human vulnerability, such as in stories about excess or hardship, reflecting a pragmatic attitude toward health issues.

Related Concepts:

• тошнота (nausea)
• болезнь (illness)
• рвотное средство (emetic)