Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'prosecutor'

English Word: prosecutor

Key Russian Translations:

• прокурор /prɐˈkurər/ - [Formal, Legal context]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in legal, professional, or formal contexts; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of legal terminology and Russian noun declensions, suitable for learners with a solid grasp of basic grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

прокурор: /prɐˈkurər/

Note on прокурор: The stress falls on the second syllable (/ku/), which is a common challenge for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional dialects, but this is the standard Moscow variant.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A legal official who conducts criminal proceedings on behalf of the state or government.

Translation(s) & Context:

• прокурор - Used in formal legal settings, such as courts or official documents, to refer to a prosecutor in the Russian judicial system.

Usage Examples:

• В суде прокурор представил убедительные доказательства вины обвиняемого.

  In court, the prosecutor presented compelling evidence of the accused's guilt.

• Прокурор выступил с речью, обвиняя компанию в финансовых нарушениях.

  The prosecutor delivered a speech accusing the company of financial violations.

• Во время расследования прокурор координировал работу следственной группы.

  During the investigation, the prosecutor coordinated the work of the investigative team.

• Прокурор федерального уровня был назначен для надзора за крупным делом о коррупции.

  A federal-level prosecutor was appointed to oversee a major corruption case.

• После ареста подозреваемого прокурор подготовил обвинительное заключение.

  After the suspect's arrest, the prosecutor prepared the indictment.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

прокурор is a masculine noun in the second declension. It follows standard Russian noun inflection patterns for gender, number, and case. As a common noun, it changes based on grammatical context. Below is a table of its primary inflections:

Note: This noun does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • обвинитель (/ɐbˈvʲinʲitʲelʲ/) - Often used interchangeably in legal contexts, but can imply a more accusatory role.
  • прокурорский работник (/prɐˈkurərskʲij rɐˈbotnʲik/) - Refers specifically to a prosecutor as an employee in the prosecutor's office, with a more bureaucratic connotation.
• Antonyms:
  • защитник (/zɐˈʂɕʲitnʲik/) - Defender or attorney, representing the opposite side in legal proceedings.
  • адвокат (/ɐdˈvʲokɐt/) - Lawyer, typically defending clients rather than prosecuting.

Related Phrases:

• прокурорский надзор - Prosecutorial supervision; refers to the oversight role of prosecutors in ensuring legal compliance.
• обвинительное заключение прокурора - Prosecutor's indictment; a formal document outlining charges.
• прокурор в суде - Prosecutor in court; commonly used in discussions of trial proceedings.

Usage Notes:

• The Russian equivalent "прокурор" directly corresponds to the English "prosecutor" in legal contexts, but it is more formal and tied to the Russian prosecutorial system, which has broader investigative powers than in some English-speaking countries.
• Use "прокурор" in official or professional settings; avoid in casual conversation as it may sound overly technical.
• When choosing between synonyms like "обвинитель," opt for "прокурор" if emphasizing the official state role, as per Russian legal terminology.
• Grammatically, always decline the noun according to case (e.g., use dative "прокурору" when indicating to whom something is given).

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "прокурор" with "адвокат" (lawyer), leading to misuse in sentences like "Прокурор защищает клиента" (incorrectly implying the prosecutor defends the client).
  Correct: "Адвокат защищает клиента" - The prosecutor prosecutes, while the lawyer defends. Explanation: In Russian, these roles are distinctly separate, so learners must understand the context to avoid role reversal.
• Error: Failing to decline the noun properly, e.g., using nominative "прокурор" in all cases, as in "Я говорил с прокурор" (incorrect for genitive context).
  Correct: "Я говорил с прокурором" (with genitive ending). Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English speakers often overlook, leading to grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, the role of the "прокурор" extends beyond mere prosecution; it includes supervising law enforcement and ensuring state interests, rooted in the Soviet-era system. This reflects a cultural emphasis on state authority in legal matters, which can differ from Western models where prosecutors are more independent. Understanding this helps English speakers grasp the broader implications in Russian media or literature.

Related Concepts:

• судья (judge)
• адвокат (lawyer)
• следователь (investigator)