Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'prerequisite'

English Word: prerequisite

Key Russian Translations:

• Предпосылка (/prʲɪd.pɐˈsɨl.kə/) - [Formal, Singular, Used in academic or logical contexts]
• Требование (/trʲɪˈbɐ.və.nʲɪ.jə/) - [Formal, Plural possible, Used in bureaucratic or educational settings]
• Условие (/uˈslovʲɪ.jə/) - [Informal, Can be plural, Used in everyday conversations about conditions]

Frequency: Medium (Common in educational, professional, and technical texts, but not everyday speech).

Difficulty: B2 (Upper Intermediate, as it involves understanding noun declensions and contextual usage; for "Требование", it may reach C1 due to its formal applications).

Pronunciation (Russian):

Предпосылка: /prʲɪd.pɐˈsɨl.kə/

Note on Предпосылка: The stress is on the third syllable; be mindful of the palatalized 'p' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers. Variations in regional accents may soften the 'ы' vowel.

Требование: /trʲɪˈbɐ.və.nʲɪ.jə/

Note on Требование: Stress on the second syllable; the ending '-ие' often softens in fast speech. Practice the rolling 'r' for accuracy.

Условие: /uˈslovʲɪ.jə/

Note on Условие: Stress on the second syllable; this word is relatively straightforward but can vary in plural forms.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A required condition or qualification before something else can occur (e.g., in education or projects).

Translation(s) & Context:

• Предпосылка - Used in formal academic writing or logical arguments to denote a foundational requirement.
• Требование - Applied in official contexts, such as job applications or regulations, emphasizing necessity.

Usage Examples:

• Эта предпосылка должна быть выполнена перед началом курса.

  This prerequisite must be fulfilled before starting the course.

• Без основных требований невозможно получить диплом.

  Without the basic prerequisites, it's impossible to get a diploma.

• Условие для участия в проекте — наличие опыта.

  The prerequisite for participating in the project is having experience.

• Требования к кандидатам включают языковые навыки.

  The prerequisites for candidates include language skills.

Meaning 2: A preliminary step or assumption in reasoning or problem-solving.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Предпосылка - Common in philosophical or scientific discussions to indicate an underlying assumption.
• Условие - Used in casual or problem-solving contexts to denote a simple condition.

Usage Examples:

• В математике предпосылка часто определяет исход эксперимента.

  In mathematics, the prerequisite often determines the outcome of the experiment.

• Это условие основано на предыдущих выводах.

  This prerequisite is based on previous conclusions.

• Предпосылка для успеха — правильное планирование.

  The prerequisite for success is proper planning.

• Требование анализа данных является ключевой предпосылкой.

  Data analysis is a key prerequisite.

• Условие для дебатов — четкое понимание темы.

  The prerequisite for debates is a clear understanding of the topic.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

These translations are primarily nouns, which in Russian undergo declension based on case, number, and gender. "Предпосылка" and "Условие" are feminine nouns, while "Требование" is neuter and can be pluralized.

Note: These follow standard Russian declension patterns for feminine and neuter nouns. "Предпосылка" is irregular in some cases due to its ending, but generally predictable.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Основание (Osnovanie) - More general, often used for foundational basis.
  • Необходимое условие (Neobkhodimoe uslovie) - Emphasizes necessity, with slight formal tone.
• Antonyms:
  • Последствие (Posledstvie) - Refers to a consequence, opposite in sequence.
  • Необязательное (Neobyazatel'noe) - Means optional, contrasting with required nature.

Related Phrases:

• Предпосылка для успеха - A prerequisite for success (Used in motivational contexts to highlight essential steps).
• Основные требования - Basic prerequisites (Common in job or academic descriptions).
• Условия участия - Conditions of participation (Often seen in events or contracts).

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "предпосылка" is the most direct equivalent to "prerequisite" in academic English, but choose "требование" for formal or legal contexts where enforcement is implied. Be aware of gender and case agreements; for example, always decline the noun based on its role in the sentence. "Условие" is more versatile for informal speech. When translating, consider the context: educational scenarios favor "предпосылка," while professional ones might use "требование." Avoid direct word-for-word translation; integrate into natural Russian sentence structures for fluency.

• Grammar tip: Nouns like these must agree with adjectives and verbs in gender, number, and case.
• Context guidance: In spoken Russian, use simpler forms like "условие" to avoid sounding overly formal.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse case endings, such as saying "без предпосылка" instead of the correct genitive "без предпосылки." Error: "Я игнорирую требование" (incorrect if implying possession); Correct: "Я игнорирую требование" should be "Я игнорирую это требование" for clarity. Another common mistake is confusing it with "условие," leading to overuse in formal texts—e.g., Error: Using "условие" in a legal document; Explanation: Opt for "требование" to convey obligation, as "условие" is more neutral and can imply negotiability.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like "предпосылка" often reflect the emphasis on structured education and bureaucracy, stemming from historical influences like Soviet-era planning. For instance, prerequisites in Russian universities are rigidly enforced, symbolizing a cultural value on thorough preparation and hierarchy.

Related Concepts:

• Основание
• Критерии
• Предусловие