Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'poster'

English Word: poster

Key Russian Translations:

• постер [ˈpɔstər] - [Informal, Borrowed from English, Used in modern contexts like movies or advertisements]
• афиша [ɐˈfʲiʂə] - [Formal, Refers to promotional posters or event bills]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday contexts, especially in urban or cultural settings, but not as ubiquitous as basic nouns)

Difficulty: A2 (Beginner level; straightforward for English speakers due to loanword influence, but "афиша" may require basic familiarity with Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

постер: [ˈpɔstər]

афиша: [ɐˈfʲiʂə]

Note on постер: The stress is on the first syllable; be aware of the soft 't' sound, which can be tricky for non-native speakers. This word is often pronounced similarly to its English origin.

Note on афиша: The 'ш' sound is a voiceless postalveolar fricative; practice with native audio for accuracy.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A large printed picture or notice used for advertising or decoration (e.g., movie poster)

Translation(s) & Context:

• постер - Used in informal, everyday contexts like describing film posters or wall decorations.
• афиша - Used in more formal or cultural contexts, such as theater or event promotions.

Usage Examples:

• Я повесил постер с моим любимым актёром на стену.

  I hung the poster of my favorite actor on the wall.

• В кинотеатре висит большая афиша нового фильма.

  There's a large poster of the new movie in the cinema.

• Она собирает постеры из журналов для своего альбома.

  She collects posters from magazines for her album.

• Афиша фестиваля была размещена на центральной площади.

  The festival poster was displayed on the central square.

• Мой постер faded от солнца, так что я купил новый.

  My poster faded from the sun, so I bought a new one.

Meaning 2: Someone who posts or affixes notices (less common, historical usage)

Translation(s) & Context:

• постер - Rarely used; more literal and outdated in modern Russian.

Usage Examples:

• В старые времена постер объявлений был важной фигурой в городе.

  In old times, the poster of announcements was an important figure in the city.

• Он работал как постер, развешивая афиши по улицам.

  He worked as a poster, hanging up posters on the streets.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "постер" and "афиша" are masculine nouns in Russian, following standard declension patterns for loanwords and native words. "Постер" is often treated as indeclinable in informal use, while "афиша" follows regular patterns.

Note: "Постер" may remain unchanged in some contexts due to its status as a loanword, making it simpler for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • плакат (plakat) - Similar to a poster but often larger and more official; used for public announcements.
  • объявление (ob"yavleniye) - More general, for any notice or advertisement.
• Antonyms:
  • скрытие (skrytiye) - Hiding or concealment, as the opposite of displaying a poster.

Related Phrases:

• Покрыть постером стену - Cover the wall with a poster; used for decorating spaces.
• Афиша мероприятия - Poster for an event; common in cultural or promotional contexts.
• Собрать коллекцию постеров - Collect a series of posters; refers to hobbyist activities.

Usage Notes:

"Постер" is a direct loanword from English, making it easy for English speakers to adopt, but it's more informal and modern. Use "афиша" for formal or traditional contexts like theater. Be mindful of declensions; for example, in genitive case, say "постера" to indicate possession. When choosing between translations, opt for "постер" in casual conversations and "афиша" in professional settings to match the appropriate register.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "постер" in formal writing without declension, e.g., saying "Я видел постер" instead of "Я видел постера" in genitive contexts.
  Correct: "Я видел постера фильма" (I saw the film's poster). Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, so learners must adjust for grammar.
• Mistake: Confusing "афиша" with "постер" in event contexts, leading to misuse like "афиша фильма" when "постер фильма" is more accurate for movie posters.
  Correct: Use "афиша" for public event bills. Explanation: These words have subtle differences in connotation; "афиша" implies official promotion.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, posters like "афиши" have historical significance, dating back to Soviet-era propaganda art. They were used extensively for political campaigns and cultural events, symbolizing public communication. Today, "постеры" are popular among youth for pop culture, reflecting global influences.

Related Concepts:

• плакат
• реклама (reklama)
• декорация (dekoratsiya)