Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'permissive'

English Word: permissive

Key Russian Translations:

• позволительный [pɐz.vɐˈlʲi.tʲelʲ.nɨj] - [Formal, often used in legal or regulatory contexts]
• терпимый [tʲɪrˈpʲi.mɨj] - [Informal, implying a lenient or tolerant attitude]
• либеральный [lʲɪ.bʲɪˈralʲ.nɨj] - [Formal/Informal, with connotations of openness or progressive views]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in discussions of rules, parenting, or social norms, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective forms and contextual nuances, though basic forms are accessible to learners at this level)

Pronunciation (Russian):

позволительный: [pɐz.vɐˈlʲi.tʲelʲ.nɨj]

терпимый: [tʲɪrˈpʲi.mɨj]

либеральный: [lʲɪ.bʲɪˈralʲ.nɨj]

Note on терпимый: The stress falls on the second syllable; be cautious with the soft 'т' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers used to harder consonants.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Allowing or permitting something, often in a regulatory sense

Translation(s) & Context:

• позволительный - Used in formal contexts like laws or permissions, e.g., in official documents or discussions about rights.

Usage Examples:

• Этот закон является позволительным в отношении частной собственности.

  This law is permissive regarding private property.

• В школе применяются позволительные правила для учеников с особыми нуждами.

  Permissive rules are applied in school for students with special needs.

• Позволительная политика правительства способствует инновациям.

  The government's permissive policy fosters innovation.

• Этот документ содержит позволительные условия для импорта товаров.

  This document includes permissive conditions for importing goods.

Meaning 2: Lenient or tolerant, especially in interpersonal or social contexts

Translation(s) & Context:

• терпимый - Common in informal settings, such as family or social discussions, to describe a relaxed attitude.
• либеральный - Used in broader contexts, like education or politics, to imply openness without strict enforcement.

Usage Examples:

• Её терпимый подход к воспитанию детей позволяет им развиваться свободно.

  Her permissive approach to raising children allows them to develop freely.

• В этой компании терпимый стиль управления способствует творчеству сотрудников.

  In this company, a permissive management style encourages employee creativity.

• Либеральный родитель не настаивает на строгих правилах.

  A permissive parent does not insist on strict rules.

• Терпимый учитель позволяет ученикам выражать свои мнения в классе.

  A permissive teacher allows students to express their opinions in class.

• Либеральная атмосфера в обществе делает его более терпимым к разнообразию.

  A permissive atmosphere in society makes it more tolerant to diversity.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations (позволительный, терпимый, либеральный) are adjectives in Russian, which typically follow standard adjective declension patterns. They change based on gender, number, and case. Below is a table for the nominative case; full declension applies similarly to other cases.

Note: These adjectives follow regular patterns, so they inflect predictably. For irregular cases, consult a full Russian grammar resource.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • попустительский (popustitel'skiy) - Similar to терпимый, but with a slight connotation of indulgence.
  • свободный (svobodnyy) - Often used interchangeably with либеральный in contexts of freedom.
• Antonyms:
  • строгий (strogiy) - Strict or rigid.
  • запретительный (zapretitel'nyy) - Prohibitive or forbidding.

Related Phrases:

• позволительная мера (pozzvolitel'naya mera) - Permissive measure; a policy or action that allows flexibility.
• терпимый подход (terpimyy podkhod) - Permissive approach; often in education or parenting.
• либеральная атмосфера (liberal'naya atmosfera) - Permissive atmosphere; referring to an environment that encourages openness.

Usage Notes:

While "permissive" in English often implies a positive allowance, in Russian, translations like "позволительный" are more neutral and context-dependent, frequently appearing in legal or formal settings. "Терпимый" is ideal for interpersonal contexts but can carry a negative undertone if overused, suggesting laxity. Choose "либеральный" for broader social or political discussions to align with progressive connotations. Be mindful of gender and case agreements in sentences, as Russian adjectives must match the nouns they modify.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "позволительный" in informal contexts where "терпимый" is more appropriate. Incorrect: "Мой терпимый начальник" (should be "терпимый" for a boss). Correct: "Мой терпимый начальник" – This error stems from direct translation without considering register.
• Mistake: Forgetting adjective inflections, e.g., saying "позволительный женщина" instead of "позволительная женщина." Incorrect: "позволительный женщина" (gender mismatch). Correct: "позволительная женщина" – Always ensure agreement with the noun's gender.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, a "permissive" (терпимый or либеральный) approach is often contrasted with the historical emphasis on strict authority, such as in Soviet-era education. Terms like "либеральный" can evoke modern debates on democracy and individual freedoms, reflecting Russia's evolving social landscape since the 1990s.

Related Concepts:

• свобода (svoboda) - Freedom
• ограничение (ogranicheniye) - Restriction
• воспитание (vospitaniye) - Upbringing or education