Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'patriotism'

English Word: patriotism

Key Russian Translations:

• патриотизм [pə.trʲɪˈɔ.tʲɪz.m] - [Formal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in formal discussions, speeches, and educational contexts, but less frequent in casual everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of abstract concepts and nominal structures, suitable for learners with a solid grasp of basic Russian grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

патриотизм: [pə.trʲɪˈɔ.tʲɪz.m]

Note on патриотизм: The stress falls on the third syllable ("ɔ.tʲɪz.m"), which is common in Russian abstract nouns. Be mindful of the palatalized 'т' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Variations in regional accents may slightly alter vowel pronunciation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning: Love and devotion to one's country, often involving loyalty, pride, and a sense of duty.

Translation(s) & Context:

• патриотизм - Used in formal or serious contexts, such as political discussions, historical analyses, or educational settings to express national loyalty.

Usage Examples:

• В России патриотизм часто проявляется через празднование Дня Победы.

  In Russia, patriotism is often expressed through celebrating Victory Day.

• Патриотизм вдохновляет людей на защиту своей родины в трудные времена.

  Patriotism inspires people to defend their homeland in difficult times.

• Молодое поколение учат патриотизму через школьные уроки истории.

  The younger generation is taught patriotism through history lessons in school.

• В литературе патриотизм часто изображается как сила, объединяющая нацию.

  In literature, patriotism is often depicted as a force that unites the nation.

• Патриотизм может быть как положительным, так и чрезмерным, ведущим к конфликтам.

  Patriotism can be both positive and excessive, leading to conflicts.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

патриотизм is a masculine noun (third declension in Russian). It follows the standard pattern for abstract nouns, which typically do not change in the nominative singular but inflect based on case and number. Below is a table outlining its basic declensions:

Note: The plural form is not commonly used, as patriotism is often treated as an uncountable concept. Irregularities are minimal, making it straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • любовь к родине (love for the motherland; more poetic and emotional connotation)
  • национальное чувство (national feeling; emphasizes cultural identity)
• Antonyms:
  • предательство (betrayal; implies disloyalty to the nation)
  • измена (treason; used in legal or severe contexts)

Related Phrases:

• национальный патриотизм - National patriotism; refers to loyalty tied to ethnic or cultural identity, often in the context of state-building.
• патриотический дух - Patriotic spirit; used to describe collective enthusiasm, especially during holidays or events.
• любовь к отечеству - Love for the fatherland; a more archaic phrase evoking historical patriotism in Russian literature.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "патриотизм" directly corresponds to English "patriotism" but carries a stronger historical and cultural weight, often linked to Russia's past events like World War II. It is typically used in formal contexts; avoid it in casual conversations to prevent sounding overly serious. When choosing between synonyms like "любовь к родине," opt for "патриотизм" in modern, civic discussions. Grammatically, it remains invariable in gender but inflects by case, so pay attention to prepositions (e.g., "о патриотизме" for "about patriotism").

Common Errors:

• Confusing it with "национализм" (nationalism): Learners might overuse "патриотизм" to mean extreme nationalism. Incorrect: "Его патриотизм привел к расизму" (implying harmful actions). Correct: "Его национализм привел к расизму." Explanation: "Патриотизм" focuses on positive loyalty, while "национализм" can imply exclusivity.

• Improper inflection: Forgetting case changes, e.g., saying "Я горжусь патриотизм" instead of "Я горжусь патриотизмом" (instrumental case). Explanation: Always adjust for the required case to maintain grammatical accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "патриотизм" is deeply intertwined with national history, such as the Great Patriotic War (World War II), where it symbolizes resilience and sacrifice. It often appears in propaganda, education, and media to foster unity, but can also be critiqued in contemporary discussions as potentially leading to isolationism. Understanding this context helps English speakers appreciate the emotional depth beyond a simple translation.

Related Concepts:

• национализм
• героизм
• гражданственность