Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'paint'

English Word: paint

Key Russian Translations:

• краска /ˈkraskə/ - [Noun, for substance like paint or pigment; Informal]
• рисовать /rʲɪˈsovətʲ/ - [Verb, specifically for creating art or drawing; Informal/Formal]
• красить /ˈkrasʲɪtʲ/ - [Verb, for applying paint or coloring; Informal, often used in everyday contexts]

Frequency: Medium - 'краска' and 'красить' are commonly used in daily conversations and technical contexts, while 'рисовать' appears frequently in artistic or educational settings.

Difficulty: A2 for 'краска' (Beginner level, as it's a basic noun); B1 for 'рисовать' and 'красить' (Intermediate, due to verb conjugations and contextual usage).

Pronunciation (Russian):

краска: /ˈkraskə/ - Stress on the first syllable; the 'к' is pronounced as a hard 'k' sound.

рисовать: /rʲɪˈsovətʲ/ - Stress on the third syllable; note the palatalized 'с' which can be tricky for beginners.

Note on рисовать: The 'рʲ' sound is a soft 'r' that requires practice; common in artistic contexts.

красить: /ˈkrasʲɪtʲ/ - Stress on the first syllable; the 'сʲ' is palatalized, making it softer.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Paint as a substance (e.g., liquid for coating surfaces)

Translation(s) & Context:

• краска - Used in everyday contexts like home improvement or art supplies; Informal, but can be Formal in professional settings.

Usage Examples:

• Я купил новую краску для стен. (Ya kupil novuyu krasku dlya sten.)

  I bought new paint for the walls. (This example shows 'краска' in a domestic context.)

• Эта краска устойчивая к воде. (Eta kraska ustoychivaya k vode.)

  This paint is water-resistant. (Demonstrates 'краска' with an adjective for description.)

• В магазине есть разные цвета краски. (V magazine est' raznye cveta kraski.)

  The store has different colors of paint. (Illustrates plural usage in a shopping scenario.)

• Краска высохла слишком быстро. (Kraska vysokhla slishkom bystro.)

  The paint dried too quickly. (Shows 'краска' in a past tense sentence about properties.)

Meaning 2: To paint as in creating art (e.g., drawing or illustrating)

Translation(s) & Context:

• рисовать - Used in creative or educational contexts; Formal/Informal, often with children or artists.

Usage Examples:

• Дети любят рисовать в школе. (Deti lyubyat risovat' v shkole.)

  Children love to paint/draw at school. (This highlights 'рисовать' in an educational setting.)

• Она рисует пейзажи маслом. (Ona risuet peyzazhi maslom.)

  She paints landscapes with oil. (Shows 'рисовать' with tools, emphasizing artistic technique.)

• Мы будем рисовать на уроке искусства. (My budem risovat' na uroke iskusstva.)

  We will paint during the art class. (Demonstrates future tense in a classroom context.)

• Рисовать – это мой любимый хобби. (Rissovat' – eto moy lyubimyy khobbi.)

  Painting is my favorite hobby. (Illustrates 'рисовать' as an infinitive in a personal statement.)

Meaning 3: To paint as in applying a coating (e.g., painting a wall)

Translation(s) & Context:

• красить - Common in practical, hands-on scenarios; Informal, but can be used in instructions.

Usage Examples:

• Я крашу забор каждое лето. (Ya krashu zaber kazhdoe leto.)

  I paint the fence every summer. (This example shows habitual action with 'красить'.)

• Не крась стены без перчаток. (Ne krash' steny bez perchatok.)

  Don't paint the walls without gloves. (Demonstrates imperative form for advice.)

• Он красил машину в гараже. (On krasil mashinu v garazhe.)

  He was painting the car in the garage. (Shows past continuous context.)

• Красить дом – это тяжелая работа. (Krasit' dom – eto tyazhelaya rabota.)

  Painting the house is hard work. (Illustrates 'красить' in a general statement.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'краска' (noun, feminine): It follows the standard first declension pattern. Unstressed vowels may reduce in speech.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	краска	краски
Genitive	краски	красок
Dative	краске	краскам
Accusative	краску	краски
Instrumental	краской	красками
Prepositional	краске	красках

For 'рисовать' and 'красить' (verbs, imperfective): These are first conjugation verbs with regular patterns, but 'рисовать' has palatalization in some forms.

Person	Present Tense (рисовать)	Present Tense (красить)
I	рису́ю	крашу́
You (sg.)	рису́ешь	краси́шь
He/She/It	рису́ет	краси́т

These verbs do not have irregular inflections but require aspectual pairs (e.g., нарисовать for perfective of рисовать).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • краска: лак (lak) - Similar for coatings, but more specific to varnish.
  • рисовать: чертить (chertit') - For sketching or drawing lines.
  • красить: покрывать (pokryvat') - For covering surfaces, with a broader application.
• Antonyms:
  • краска: чистота (chistota) - Implies cleanliness or absence of paint.
  • рисовать: разрушать (razrushat') - To destroy or erase art.
  • красить: очищать (ochishchat') - To clean or remove paint.

Related Phrases:

• Краска для волос (Kraska dlya volos) - Hair dye; Used in beauty contexts to mean coloring hair.
• Рисовать картину (Risovat' kartu) - To paint a picture; Common in artistic expressions.
• Красить яйца на Пасху (Krasit' yaytsa na Paskhu) - To paint Easter eggs; A cultural tradition involving decoration.

Usage Notes:

• Choose 'краска' for the noun form, as it directly corresponds to 'paint' as a substance, but be aware of context—e.g., in art vs. construction.
• 'Рисовать' is ideal for creative painting, while 'красить' fits practical applications; both are imperfective, so pair with perfective forms like 'нарисовать' for completed actions.
• Grammar note: Verbs like 'рисовать' and 'красить' require agreement with subject and can vary by tense; use in informal speech to avoid stiffness.
• In formal writing, prefer 'краска' over slang alternatives for precision.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'рисовать' with 'красить' in artistic contexts. Incorrect: "Я крашу картину" (implying just applying color). Correct: "Я рисую картину" – Explanation: 'Рисовать' is for creating art, not mere application.
• Error: Forgetting declensions of 'краска'. Incorrect: "Купить краска" (genitive missing). Correct: "Купить краску" – Explanation: Nouns must agree in case, e.g., accusative for direct objects.
• Error: Overusing 'краска' for verbs. Incorrect: "Я краска дом" (misusing noun as verb). Correct: "Я крашу дом" – Explanation: Use the verb form for actions to maintain grammatical accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'рисовать' is often linked to folk art traditions like matryoshka painting or iconography, reflecting historical influences from Orthodox Christianity. 'Красить яйца' is a key Easter custom, symbolizing renewal and tied to pagan roots, helping users appreciate the vocabulary's deeper cultural significance.

Related Concepts:

• холст (kholst) - Canvas
• кисть (kist') - Brush
• цвет (tsvet) - Color