Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'overheat'

English Word: overheat

Key Russian Translations:

• перегрев [pʲɪrʲɪˈɡrʲef] - [Noun, used for the state of excessive heat]
• перегревать [pʲɪrʲɪˈɡrʲevatʲ] - [Verb, Imperfective, used for the process of heating excessively]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical, automotive, and everyday contexts, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, per CEFR; requires understanding of technical terms and basic verb conjugations; for 'перегрев' as a noun, it's slightly easier at A2)

Pronunciation (Russian):

перегрев: [pʲɪrʲɪˈɡrʲef]

Note on перегрев: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the soft 'r' sound, which is common in Russian but may challenge English speakers. Variations in informal speech might soften the 'г' to a fricative.

перегревать: [pʲɪrʲɪˈɡrʲevatʲ]

Note on перегревать: This is an imperfective verb; pronunciation may vary slightly in rapid speech, with the final 'tʲ' becoming less distinct.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

As a noun: The state of being excessively heated (e.g., in machinery or electronics).

Translation(s) & Context:

• перегрев - Used in technical or everyday contexts, such as describing engine failure or overheating in cooking; [Formal or Informal, depending on context].

Usage Examples:

• Из-за перегрева батарея телефона вышла из строя.

  Due to overheating, the phone's battery failed.

• Перегрев двигателя может привести к серьезным повреждениям.

  Overheating of the engine can lead to serious damage.

• В жару риск перегрева у пожилых людей возрастает.

  In the heat, the risk of overheating increases for elderly people.

• Перегрев пищи в микроволновке делает ее несъедобной.

  Overheating food in the microwave makes it inedible.

As a verb: To heat something excessively or to become excessively heated.

Translation(s) & Context:

• перегревать - Used for ongoing or repeated actions, such as in warnings about machinery; [Informal in casual speech, Formal in technical writing].

Usage Examples:

• Не перегревайте мотор, иначе он сломается.

  Don't overheat the engine, or it will break.

• В летние дни компьютеры часто перегреваются из-за высокой температуры.

  In summer, computers often overheat due to high temperatures.

• Если вы перегреваете масло, оно потеряет свои полезные свойства.

  If you overheat the oil, it will lose its beneficial properties.

• Дети могут перегреваться на солнце, поэтому используйте крем для загара.

  Children can overheat in the sun, so use sunscreen.

• Перегревать воду в чайнике не рекомендуется для сохранения вкуса чая.

  Overheating water in the kettle is not recommended to preserve the tea's flavor.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'перегрев' (noun, masculine): It follows standard first-declension patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant. It is regular and does not have irregularities.

For 'перегревать' (verb, imperfective): It is a first-conjugation verb with regular patterns. The perfective counterpart is 'перегреть'.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: нагрев (heating, but less intense); разогрев (warming up)
• Note: нагрев is more general and can be used in non-excessive contexts, while перегрев implies danger.
• Antonyms: охлаждение (cooling); замораживание (freezing)

Related Phrases:

• предотвратить перегрев - To prevent overheating; Used in safety instructions for electronics.
• система охлаждения от перегрева - Cooling system against overheating; Common in automotive contexts.
• риск перегрева - Risk of overheating; Often in health or environmental discussions.

Usage Notes:

'Overheat' typically corresponds to 'перегрев' as a noun and 'перегревать' as a verb in Russian. Choose 'перегревать' for ongoing actions and its perfective form 'перегреть' for completed ones. Be mindful of context: in formal technical writing, use precise terms, while in informal speech, it might be simplified. Russian often pairs this with prepositions like 'от' (from) or 'в' (in) to indicate causes, e.g., 'от жары' (from heat).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'перегрев' as a verb (e.g., saying "Я перегрев" instead of "Я перегреваю"). Correct: "Я перегреваю двигатель." Explanation: 'Перегрев' is a noun; always conjugate verbs properly to avoid confusion.
• Error: Incorrect inflection, such as using the wrong case (e.g., "в перегрев" instead of "в перегреве"). Correct: "в перегреве двигателя." Explanation: Nouns like 'перегрев' require the prepositional case in such phrases.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'перегрев' is often discussed in contexts like automotive maintenance due to harsh winters and summers, where engine overheating is a common issue in older vehicles. It can also metaphorically refer to emotional overload in literature, reflecting Russia's emphasis on endurance in adverse conditions.

Related Concepts:

• температура (temperature)
• охлаждение (cooling)
• нагрев (heating)