Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'overexploitation'

English Word: overexploitation

Key Russian Translations:

• Переэксплуатация /pʲɪrʲɪksʲɪksplʊaˈtatsɨja/ - [Formal, Technical]
• Чрезмерная эксплуатация /ˈt͡ɕrʲezmʲɪrnəjə ɪksplʊaˈtatsɨja/ - [Formal, Environmental/Economic]

Frequency: Low (This term is primarily used in specialized contexts such as environmental science, policy discussions, or academic writing, and is not common in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1-C2 level, as it involves complex compound words and requires familiarity with technical Russian vocabulary; the first translation may be slightly more challenging due to its borrowed structure.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Переэксплуатация: /pʲɪrʲɪksʲɪksplʊaˈtatsɨja/

Note on Переэксплуатация: This word has a stress on the fourth syllable ('ta'), which can be tricky for learners due to the rapid consonant clusters; practice with native speakers for fluency.

Чрезмерная эксплуатация: /ˈt͡ɕrʲezmʲɪrnəjə ɪksplʊaˈtatsɨja/

Note on Чрезмерная эксплуатация: The initial 'Ч' is a voiceless palatal fricative, similar to the 'ch' in German 'ich'; stress falls on the first syllable of 'чрезмерная'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The excessive or unsustainable use of natural resources, leading to depletion or environmental damage

Translation(s) & Context:

• Переэксплуатация - Used in formal environmental reports or scientific discussions to describe overharvesting of resources like forests or fisheries.
• Чрезмерная эксплуатация - Applied in economic or policy contexts, such as overexploitation of labor or minerals, emphasizing excess beyond sustainable limits.

Usage Examples:

• Переэксплуатация природных ресурсов часто приводит к необратимым экологическим последствиям.

  Overexploitation of natural resources often leads to irreversible ecological consequences.

• В Арктике чрезмерная эксплуатация нефтяных месторождений угрожает биоразнообразию.

  In the Arctic, overexploitation of oil fields threatens biodiversity.

• Переэксплуатация рыбы в океанах вызывает глобальный дефицит морских видов.

  Overexploitation of fish in the oceans causes a global shortage of marine species.

• Чрезмерная эксплуатация рабочих сил в промышленности может привести к социальным конфликтам.

  Overexploitation of labor in industry can lead to social conflicts.

• Правительства должны регулировать чрезмерную эксплуатацию лесов, чтобы предотвратить эрозию почвы.

  Governments must regulate the overexploitation of forests to prevent soil erosion.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are nominal phrases, with "Переэксплуатация" as a feminine noun and "Чрезмерная эксплуатация" as an adjective-noun combination. Russian nouns and adjectives inflect based on case, number, and gender. "Переэксплуатация" follows the first declension pattern for feminine nouns, while "эксплуатация" in the second translation is also feminine.

Note: These forms are regular for their categories, but "Переэксплуатация" is an uncountable noun in many contexts, so plural forms are rare.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Злоупотребление (zloupotreblenie) - Implies abusive overuse, often with a moral connotation.
  • Перерасход (pererashod) - Focuses on exceeding allocated resources, e.g., in budgeting.
• Antonyms:
  • Устойчивый использование (ustoychivyy ispolzovaniye) - Sustainable use, emphasizing balance and longevity.
  • Сберегательное использование (sberegatel'noye ispolzovaniye) - Conservative or sparing use of resources.

Related Phrases:

• Переэксплуатация ресурсов - Overexploitation of resources; used in environmental policy to discuss resource depletion.
• Чрезмерная эксплуатация природных запасов - Excessive exploitation of natural reserves; common in discussions about mining or energy.
• Борьба с переэксплуатацией - Fight against overexploitation; refers to campaigns for sustainable practices.

Usage Notes:

• Both translations directly correspond to "overexploitation" but are more formal than everyday English equivalents. Use "Переэксплуатация" for concise, technical contexts like scientific papers, while "Чрезмерная эксплуатация" is better for descriptive narratives in reports.
• These terms are restricted to written or professional speech; avoid in casual conversations. Grammatically, ensure agreement in gender, case, and number when integrating into sentences.
• When choosing between translations, opt for "Переэксплуатация" if brevity is needed, but "Чрезмерная эксплуатация" for emphasis on excessiveness.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "Переэксплуатация" with "Эксплуатация" (exploitation without the "over" aspect), leading to learners saying "Эксплуатация ресурсов" when meaning overexploitation. Correct: Переэксплуатация ресурсов. Explanation: The prefix "пере-" indicates excess, so omitting it changes the meaning entirely.
• Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., using nominative in all cases like "Переэксплуатация в genitive" instead of "Переэксплуатации". Correct: Adjust based on sentence structure, as shown in the inflections table. Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English speakers often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, terms like "Переэксплуатация" are particularly relevant in the context of vast natural resources, such as Siberia's forests and Arctic fisheries. Historically, rapid industrialization in the Soviet era led to significant overexploitation, contributing to environmental issues that are still addressed in modern policies, reflecting a cultural emphasis on balancing resource use with national heritage.

Related Concepts:

• Экологическая деградация (ecological degradation)
• Устойчивость (sustainability)
• Ресурсосбережение (resource conservation)