Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'obese'

English Word: obese

Key Russian Translations:

• Ожиревший [ɐʐɨˈrʲefʲʂɨj] - [Formal, Medical context]
• Толстый [tɐlʲˈstɨj] - [Informal, Everyday language, but can be pejorative]

Frequency: Medium (Common in health, medical, or descriptive discussions, but not in casual everyday speech)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjectives and context-specific vocabulary; 'Ожиревший' may be harder due to its formal nature, while 'Толстый' is more straightforward)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Ожиревший: [ɐʐɨˈrʲefʲʂɨj]

Note on Ожиревший: The 'ж' sound (as in [ʂɨj]) is a voiced palatal fricative, similar to 'zh' in English 'measure'. Stress on the third syllable can be challenging for learners.

Толстый: [tɐlʲˈstɨj]

Note on Толстый: The 'т' is unaspirated, and the stress is on the second syllable; it's a common word but watch for the soft 'лʲ' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Describing a person who is extremely overweight, often with health implications

Translation(s) & Context:

• Ожиревший - Used in formal or medical contexts, such as discussions about health or obesity as a condition.
• Толстый - Used informally in everyday conversations, but it can carry a negative or judgmental connotation; avoid in sensitive situations.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи рекомендуют диету для ожиревшего пациента.

  Doctors recommend a diet for the obese patient.

• Его ожиревшая фигура стала результатом сидячего образа жизни.

  His obese figure resulted from a sedentary lifestyle.

• Толстый мужчина ел фастфуд каждый день, игнорируя советы диетолога.

  The obese man ate fast food every day, ignoring the dietitian's advice.

• Из-за ожирения ей пришлось изменить привычки питания.

  Due to her obesity, she had to change her eating habits.

• В фильме показан толстый персонаж, борющийся с самооценкой.

  The film features an obese character struggling with self-esteem.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'Ожиревший' and 'Толстый' are adjectives in Russian, which inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify and follow standard adjectival declension patterns.

Note: These are regular adjective inflections. There are no irregular forms for these words, but always ensure agreement with the noun's gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Полный [ˈpolʲnɨj] - Fuller, but less intense; used for general overweight without medical connotation.
  • Тучный [ˈtuːt͡ɕnɨj] - Plump or corpulent; often in literary contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • Худой [ˈxudoj] - Thin or skinny; direct opposite in physical description.

Related Phrases:

• Ожирение - Refers to the condition of obesity; commonly used in health discussions.
• Толстый как бочка - As fat as a barrel; an idiomatic expression for extreme obesity, often humorous or exaggerated.
• Борьба с ожирением - Fighting obesity; a phrase related to weight loss efforts.

Usage Notes:

'Ожиревший' is the most precise translation for 'obese' in formal or medical contexts, as it directly conveys a clinical state without emotional bias. In contrast, 'Толстый' is more colloquial and can be perceived as rude or insensitive, so English speakers should choose it carefully in social settings. Always consider the context: use 'Ожиревший' in professional discussions (e.g., with doctors) and avoid 'Толстый' when describing people to prevent offense. Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify, which is a key grammatical rule to remember.

Common Errors:

• Common mistake: Using 'Толстый' in formal contexts, such as medical reports, where it sounds unprofessional. Correct usage: Opt for 'Ожиревший' instead. Example of error: "Пациент толстой" (incorrect, informal). Correct: "Пациент ожиревший" – This maintains a neutral, clinical tone.

• Another error: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "Ожиревший женщина" instead of "Ожиревшая женщина". Explanation: Russian adjectives change endings based on the noun's gender; always check for agreement to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions about body weight can be more direct and less taboo than in some Western societies, but terms like 'Толстый' might still carry stigma or humor. Historically, body image in Russia has been influenced by literature (e.g., Tolstoy's works) and Soviet-era health campaigns, where obesity was linked to lifestyle changes, emphasizing the importance of using precise language to avoid cultural misunderstandings.

Related Concepts:

• Диета
• Фитнес
• Здоровье