Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'nineteen'

English Word: nineteen

Key Russian Translations:

• девятнадцать [dʲɪvʲɪtʲˈnadʲtsətʲ] - [Cardinal number; used for counting and basic enumeration]

Frequency: High (As a basic cardinal number, it is commonly used in everyday contexts such as counting, ages, and times.)

Difficulty: A1 (Beginner level; straightforward for English speakers learning Russian numbers, as it follows standard patterns.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

девятнадцать: [dʲɪvʲɪtʲˈnadʲtsətʲ]

Note on девятнадцать: The stress falls on the syllable "nad", which is common in Russian cardinal numbers. Be mindful of the palatalized 't' sound, which can be challenging for beginners. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The cardinal number nineteen, used for counting, ages, quantities, and time.

Translation(s) & Context:

• девятнадцать - Used in general counting, specifying ages, or indicating quantities in formal and informal contexts (e.g., everyday conversation, official documents).

Usage Examples:

• У меня девятнадцать яблок в корзине.

  I have nineteen apples in the basket. (This example shows the word in a simple declarative sentence for counting objects.)

• Ей только что исполнилось девятнадцать лет.

  She has just turned nineteen years old. (Demonstrates usage with ages, common in biographical or conversational contexts.)

• Поезд отправляется в девятнадцать часов.

  The train departs at nineteen o'clock (7 PM). (Illustrates use in time-telling, which is standard in 24-hour formats in Russian.)

• В группе нас было ровно девятнадцать человек.

  There were exactly nineteen people in the group. (Shows the word in a context involving group sizes or quantities in informal settings.)

• Девятнадцать – это число, которое часто встречается в исторических датах.

  Nineteen is a number that often appears in historical dates. (This example places the word in a more abstract or educational context, highlighting its role in discussions.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Russian cardinal numbers like "девятнадцать" are generally invariable and do not change based on gender, case, or number. However, they can influence the inflection of accompanying nouns. For example, nouns following "девятнадцать" must agree in case and number with the context.

Note: This invariability makes it simpler than many Russian nouns or adjectives, but always ensure the governed noun agrees appropriately.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: None direct, as it's a specific number. However, related terms include "XIX" (for Roman numerals in formal contexts), with no significant differences.
• Antonyms: восемнадцать (eighteen) - Refers to the number before nineteen.
  двадцать (twenty) - Refers to the number after nineteen.

Related Phrases:

• Девятнадцатый век - The nineteenth century; often used in historical discussions to refer to a specific era.
• Девятнадцать раз - Nineteen times; common in expressions of repetition or multiplication.
• Ровно девятнадцать - Exactly nineteen; used for precision in measurements or counts, emphasizing accuracy.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "девятнадцать" directly corresponds to the English "nineteen" as a cardinal number and is used similarly in counting, dates, and ages. It is neutral in terms of formality and can appear in both spoken and written language. However, remember that Russian numbers like this one do not inflect, unlike English adjectives, so focus on ensuring any accompanying nouns agree in case and gender. For ordinal forms (e.g., "nineteenth"), use "девятнадцатый" instead. When choosing between translations, "девятнадцать" is the standard and most appropriate for general use.

Common Errors:

• Confusing cardinal and ordinal forms: English learners might incorrectly use "девятнадцать" where "девятнадцатый" is needed (e.g., saying "девятнадцать век" instead of "девятнадцатый век" for "nineteenth century"). Correct usage: Always use the ordinal "девятнадцатый" for positions or sequences. Error example: "В девятнадцать век" (incorrect); Correct: "В девятнадцатом веке".

• Mispronouncing the stress: Learners often stress the wrong syllable, saying [dʲɪˈvʲɪtnadʲtsətʲ] instead of [dʲɪvʲɪtʲˈnadʲtsətʲ]. This can lead to misunderstandings. Practice with native audio to master the correct emphasis.

Cultural Notes:

The number nineteen in Russian culture is often associated with the 19th century ("девятнадцатый век"), a pivotal era in Russian history marked by literary giants like Pushkin and Tolstoy, as well as social reforms and the lead-up to the Russian Revolution. This cultural connotation can add depth when discussing historical topics, making "девятнадцать" more than just a number in educational or literary contexts.

Related Concepts:

• двадцать (twenty)
• восемнадцать (eighteen)
• девятнадцатый (nineteenth, ordinal form)
• числа (numbers, general concept)