Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'myopia'

English Word: myopia

Key Russian Translations:

• миопия /mʲi.ɐˈpʲi.jə/ - [Formal, Medical Term]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and health discussions, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Upper Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical terminology and Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

миопия: /mʲi.ɐˈpʲi.jə/

Note on миопия: The stress falls on the third syllable ("pʲi"), which is a common feature in borrowed medical terms. Pay attention to the palatalized consonants (/mʲi/ and /pʲi/) for accurate pronunciation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Nearsightedness or short-sightedness in the eye (a refractive error where distant objects appear blurry).

Translation(s) & Context:

• миопия - Used primarily in formal medical contexts, such as ophthalmology consultations or health literature, to describe the condition precisely.

Usage Examples:

• У меня миопия, поэтому я ношу очки каждый день.

  I have myopia, so I wear glasses every day. (This example shows the noun in a personal health context, with simple declarative structure.)

• Миопия часто развивается в детстве и требует регулярной коррекции.

  Myopia often develops in childhood and requires regular correction. (Illustrates the noun in a general statement about causes and treatment.)

• Врачи диагностировали миопию у пациента во время осмотра.

  Doctors diagnosed myopia in the patient during the examination. (Demonstrates usage in a professional medical setting, highlighting diagnostic contexts.)

• Из-за миопии мне трудно видеть дорожные знаки издалека.

  Because of myopia, it's hard for me to see road signs from a distance. (Shows the noun in everyday practical scenarios, emphasizing daily challenges.)

• Миопия может быть генетической, как в случае с моей семьей.

  Myopia can be genetic, as in the case with my family. (Exemplifies the noun in discussions of etiology or family history.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Миопия" is a feminine noun of the third declension in Russian, derived from Greek via Latin. It follows standard patterns for foreign loanwords but has irregular aspects due to its structure. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This word is invariant in terms of gender and does not change for number in all contexts, but plural forms are less common as myopia is typically discussed individually.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • близорукость (more colloquial and everyday term; implies the same condition but is less technical)
• Antonyms:
  • дальнозоркость (hyperopia or farsightedness; used in contrast for opposite visual impairments)

Related Phrases:

• Коррекция миопии - Correction of myopia (Refers to treatments like glasses or surgery in medical contexts.)
• Наследственная миопия - Hereditary myopia (Used when discussing genetic factors in eye health.)
• Прогрессирующая миопия - Progressive myopia (Describes worsening cases, often in long-term health discussions.)

Usage Notes:

Миопия directly corresponds to the English term "myopia" as a medical diagnosis, but it's primarily used in formal or professional settings like doctor visits or scientific texts. English learners should note that Russian often requires the noun to be declined based on its role in the sentence (e.g., genitive for possession). When choosing between synonyms like "близорукость," opt for "миопия" in technical contexts for precision, as it's more aligned with international medical terminology. Be mindful of gender agreement in sentences, as "миопия" is feminine.

Common Errors:

• Incorrect: Using "миопия" without proper declension, e.g., saying "У меня миопия проблема" instead of "У меня проблема с миопией" (problem with myopia).

  Correct: У меня проблема с миопией. Explanation: "Миопия" must be in the instrumental case here to indicate the means or cause, which is a common oversight for English speakers unfamiliar with Russian case systems.

• Incorrect: Confusing it with "близорукость" and using them interchangeably without context, e.g., in a formal medical report.

  Correct: Use "миопия" for precise, scientific discussions. Explanation: While synonymous, "близорукость" is more informal and may not convey the same level of technicality, leading to potential miscommunication in professional settings.

Cultural Notes:

Миопия, as a borrowed term from Greek via Latin, doesn't carry strong cultural connotations in Russian everyday life. However, in Russia, eye health awareness has grown due to historical emphasis on education and screen time, making discussions about myopia common in family and school contexts. It's often linked to modern lifestyles, such as excessive use of computers or smartphones, reflecting broader societal shifts toward digital dependency.

Related Concepts:

• астигматизм (astigmatism)
• глаукома (glaucoma)
• катаракта (cataract)