Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'mutant'

English Word: mutant

Key Russian Translations:

• Мутант [muˈtant] - [Informal, used in sci-fi, biology, and general contexts]
• Мутировавший [muˈtʲirəvaʂʂij] - [Formal, often as an adjective or in scientific writing]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in specialized contexts like science fiction, biology, and genetics, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, per CEFR; as a borrowed word, it's straightforward for learners with basic vocabulary, but requires understanding of noun declensions. For "Мутировавший", it may be B2 due to its adjectival forms.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Мутант: [muˈtant] (stressed on the second syllable; the "т" is pronounced as a hard [t])

Мутировавший: [muˈtʲirəvaʂʂij] (note the palatalized [tʲ] and the soft [ʂʂij] ending, which can be tricky for English speakers)

Note on Мутант: The word is a direct borrowing from English/French, so pronunciation is relatively phonetic in Russian, but ensure the stress is on the second syllable to avoid sounding unnatural.

Note on Мутировавший: This form includes a complex consonant cluster; practice the soft [ʲ] sound for accuracy.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A living organism or entity that has undergone a genetic mutation, often implying abnormality or enhanced traits (e.g., in biology or science fiction).

Translation(s) & Context:

• Мутант - Used in informal or popular contexts, such as movies or discussions about genetics; common in sci-fi where it refers to altered beings.
• Мутировавший - More formal, often in scientific texts; describes something that has mutated, with context specifying the subject (e.g., a cell or organism).

Usage Examples:

• В фильме «Люди Икс» мутант обладает сверхъестественными способностями.

  In the movie 'X-Men', the mutant possesses supernatural abilities. (This example shows 'mutant' in a sci-fi narrative, highlighting its role as a character trait.)

• Учёные изучают, как мутант растения адаптируется к изменению климата.

  Scientists are studying how the mutant plant adapts to climate change. (Demonstrates usage in a biological context, with 'mutant' as a noun describing a modified organism.)

• Этот мутант вируса оказался более устойчивым к лекарствам.

  This mutant virus turned out to be more resistant to drugs. (Illustrates 'mutant' in medical or virology discussions, emphasizing its adaptive properties.)

• Мутировавший организм может привести к новым эволюционным изменениям.

  The mutated organism can lead to new evolutionary changes. (Uses 'Мутировавший' in a formal scientific context, showing its adjectival form in a sentence.)

• В лаборатории они создали мутант, который светится в темноте.

  In the lab, they created a mutant that glows in the dark. (This varies the structure, placing 'mutant' as a direct object in an experimental scenario.)

A metaphorical or figurative use, implying something abnormal or changed (e.g., in social or cultural contexts).

Translation(s) & Context:

• Мутант - In metaphorical speech, such as describing societal outcasts; less common but seen in modern Russian media.

Usage Examples:

• В обществе он чувствует себя мутантом из-за своих необычных идей.

  In society, he feels like a mutant because of his unusual ideas. (This example extends 'mutant' metaphorically to social contexts.)

• Мутант технологий — это то, что революционизирует нашу жизнь.

  A mutant of technology is what will revolutionize our lives. (Shows 'mutant' in a figurative tech context, implying innovation.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Мутант" is a masculine noun (2nd declension in Russian), which follows standard noun inflection patterns. It changes based on case and number. "Мутировавший" is an adjective/participle that agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case.

For "Мутант" (singular):

Plural form of "Мутант":

For "Мутировавший" (as an adjective), it inflects based on the noun: e.g., Мутировавший (masc. sg.), Мутировавшая (fem. sg.), Мутировавшее (neut. sg.), and agrees in plural forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Мутировавшее существо (more descriptive, used in formal scientific contexts to emphasize the process of mutation)
  • Аберрантный организм (implies deviation, often in biological discussions)
• Antonyms:
  • Нормальный организм (normal organism, contrasting with any mutation)
  • Обычный (ordinary, in a general sense)

Related Phrases:

• Генетический мутант - A genetically altered entity; used in scientific contexts to specify the type of mutation.
• Мутант с суперсилами - A mutant with superpowers; common in pop culture, referring to characters like in comics.
• Лабораторный мутант - Laboratory mutant; implies artificial creation in experiments.

Usage Notes:

"Мутант" directly corresponds to the English "mutant" as a noun and is widely used in Russian, especially in borrowed contexts like sci-fi or biology. Choose "Мутант" for informal or everyday discussions, and "Мутировавший" for more precise, formal writing. Be mindful of declensions based on sentence structure—e.g., use genitive for possession. In spoken Russian, it's neutral across registers but avoid it in highly formal academic papers where native equivalents might be preferred.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "Мутант" with "Мутация" (mutation): Learners might use "Мутация" when meaning "mutant," but "Мутация" refers to the process, not the entity. Correct: "Мутант" for the organism; Error: "Мутация" as a noun for the being.

• Forgetting declensions: English speakers often leave "Мутант" undeclined, e.g., saying "Я видел мутант" instead of "Я видел мутанта" (accusative). Correct usage: Adjust for case, as in "О мутанте" (about the mutant in prepositional case).

• Overusing in non-scientific contexts: Beginners might apply it metaphorically without context, leading to awkward phrasing. Correct: Pair with explanations, e.g., "Этот мутант идей" should be clarified as "This mutant of ideas" for better understanding.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "Мутант" is heavily influenced by Western science fiction, such as in adaptations of Marvel's X-Men, where mutants symbolize outsiders or evolution. It carries connotations of both fear and fascination, reflecting historical Soviet-era themes of genetic experimentation during the Space Race, making it a bridge between science and popular media.

Related Concepts:

• Мутация
• Генетика
• Эволюция