Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'moreover'

English Word: moreover

Key Russian Translations:

• кроме того [ˈkromʲɪ tɐˈvo] - [Formal, used in written and spoken contexts to add information]
• более того [ˈbolʲɪɪ tɐˈvo] - [Formal, often emphasizes additional evidence or points]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in formal writing, academic texts, and professional discussions, but less frequent in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding conjunctions and sentence connectors; learners at this level can grasp its usage with practice)

Pronunciation (Russian):

кроме того: [ˈkromʲɪ tɐˈvo]

Note on кроме того: The stress falls on the first syllable of "кроме" and the second of "того." Be mindful of the soft sign (ʲ) in "кромʲɪ," which affects the vowel sound; common variation in fast speech may soften the consonants.

Audio: []

более того: [ˈbolʲɪɪ tɐˈvo]

Note on более того: The word "более" has a long vowel sound; in rapid speech, it might blend with "того," making it sound like [ˈbolʲɪɪtɐˈvo].

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Adding supplementary information or points to strengthen an argument

Translation(s) & Context:

• кроме того - Used in formal contexts like essays or debates to introduce additional reasons or facts.
• более того - Applied in persuasive writing or speeches to emphasize further evidence, often in academic or professional settings.

Usage Examples:

• Кроме того, этот проект не только повысит эффективность, но и сократит затраты.

  Moreover, this project will not only increase efficiency but also reduce costs. (Context: Formal business report, showing addition of benefits.)

• Более того, исторические данные подтверждают наши предположения о росте.

  Moreover, historical data supports our assumptions about growth. (Context: Academic discussion, emphasizing evidence.)

• Кроме того, мы должны учитывать экологические последствия, прежде чем принимать решение.

  Moreover, we must consider the environmental impacts before making a decision. (Context: Environmental debate, linking to broader implications.)

• Более того, это изменение улучшит качество жизни жителей города.

  Moreover, this change will improve the quality of life for city residents. (Context: Policy proposal, adding a human element.)

• Кроме того, в контракте указано несколько дополнительных условий.

  Moreover, the contract specifies several additional conditions. (Context: Legal document review, listing extras.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "кроме того" and "более того" are adverbial phrases functioning as conjunctions in Russian. They do not undergo typical inflections like nouns, verbs, or adjectives because they are fixed expressions. Russian conjunctions of this type remain invariant across cases, numbers, genders, or tenses.

For example:

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • к тому же [k tɐˈmu ʐʲe] - Similar to "moreover," but often used in less formal contexts; implies an additional point without strong emphasis.
  • да к тому же [da k tɐˈmu ʐʲe] - A more emphatic synonym, adding a sense of reinforcement in everyday speech.
• Antonyms:
  • однако [ɐdˈnako] - Means "however," contrasting with the additive nature of "moreover."
  • но [no] - Simply "but," used for opposition.

Related Phrases:

• кроме того, что - Besides that; used to introduce exceptions or additions (e.g., "Кроме того, что это дешево, оно еще и качественное." - Moreover, besides being cheap, it's also high-quality.)
• более того, как - Even more so; implies intensification (e.g., "Более того, как вы сказали, это жизненно важно." - Moreover, as you said, it's vitally important.)
• в дополнение к тому - In addition to that; a formal phrase for extending points (e.g., "В дополнение к тому, мы предлагаем скидку." - Moreover, we offer a discount.)

Usage Notes:

"Moreover" translates most accurately to "кроме того" or "более того" in Russian, both of which are used to connect ideas by adding supporting details. Choose "кроме того" for neutral additions in formal writing, while "более того" is better for emphasizing strength or evidence. These phrases are typically placed at the beginning of a sentence or clause and should be followed by a comma in written Russian. Be aware of register: they are more common in professional or academic contexts rather than casual conversations, where simpler connectors like "и" (and) might suffice. When translating, ensure the sentence structure maintains logical flow to avoid awkwardness.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "moreover" directly as "более" without "того," which changes the meaning to "more" in a quantitative sense.
  Correct: Более того, это важно. (Moreover, this is important.)
  Explanation: "Более" alone means "more" as in quantity, not as a connector; always pair it with "того" for the additive function.
• Mistake: Overusing these phrases in informal speech, making it sound unnatural.
  Correct: In casual talk, say "и еще" (and also) instead of "кроме того."
  Explanation: Learners often translate word-for-word, but Russian speakers prefer context-appropriate alternatives to avoid formality in everyday dialogue.
• Mistake: Incorrect word order, e.g., placing the phrase mid-sentence without proper punctuation.
  Correct: Кроме того, мы обсудим это позже. (Moreover, we will discuss this later.)
  Explanation: In Russian, these phrases typically start a clause and require a comma to separate them from the main idea.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian communication, phrases like "кроме того" reflect a rhetorical style that values thoroughness and logical progression, often seen in Slavic discourse traditions. This emphasis on adding layers of argument can stem from educational practices in Russia, where debates and essays prioritize evidence-based reasoning, making these connectors essential in academic and professional settings.

Related Concepts:

• следовательно [slʲɪˈdovatelʲna] (consequently)
• в то же время [f tɐ ʐʲe vrʲeˈmʲe] (meanwhile)
• таким образом [ˈtakʲɪm ˈoblʲa zʲɪˈmʲusʲ] (therefore)