Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'monopolise'

English Word: monopolise

Key Russian Translations:

• монополизировать /mə.nə.pə.lʲɪ.zʲɪ.rə.'vatʲ/ - [Formal, used in business or economic contexts]
• захватить монополию /zɐx.'vatʲʲ mə.nə.'pɔ.lʲɪ.ju/ - [Informal, literal phrase for seizing monopoly, often in casual discussions]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and appears primarily in economic, legal, or academic discussions rather than everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate to Upper-Intermediate; requires understanding of complex verbs and business vocabulary. For 'монополизировать', it may lean towards B2, while 'захватить монополию' could be B1 for learners familiar with basic phrases.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

монополизировать: /mə.nə.pə.lʲɪ.zʲɪ.rə.'vatʲ/ (Stress on the third-to-last syllable; note the soft 'л' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.)

Note on монополизировать: The verb ends in -изировать, which often indicates verbs borrowed from foreign languages; pronounce the 'и' as a short /ɪ/ and be aware of palatalization in 'лʲ'. Variations may occur in rapid speech.

Audio: []

захватить монополию: /zɐx.'vatʲʲ mə.nə.'pɔ.lʲɪ.ju/ (Emphasize the 'x' as a guttural sound, similar to Scottish 'ch' in 'loch'.)

Note on захватить монополию: This phrase combines a verb and noun; the 'тʲ' in 'захватить' is palatalized, making it softer than in English equivalents.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: To gain or maintain exclusive control over a market, resource, or activity, often through dominant power.

Translation(s) & Context:

• монополизировать - Used in formal business or economic contexts to describe corporate dominance, e.g., in antitrust discussions.
• захватить монополию - Employed in more narrative or informal settings, such as storytelling or casual analysis of market control.

Usage Examples:

• Эта компания монополизировала рынок смартфонов, вытеснив всех конкурентов.

  This company monopolised the smartphone market, pushing out all competitors.

• Правительство должно предотвратить попытки монополизировать отрасль энергетики.

  The government must prevent attempts to monopolise the energy sector.

• В прошлом веке некоторые семьи захватили монополию на торговлю чаем в России.

  In the last century, some families seized a monopoly on tea trading in Russia.

• Если фирма монополизирует производство, цены на товары могут резко вырасти.

  If the firm monopolises production, prices on goods could rise sharply.

• Он пытался захватить монополию в сфере онлайн-торговли, но столкнулся с регулирующими органами.

  He tried to seize a monopoly in online trading but faced regulatory bodies.

Secondary Meaning: To dominate or control something exclusively in a non-economic sense, such as attention or resources.

Translation(s) & Context:

• монополизировать - Applied metaphorically, e.g., in social or psychological contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Дети часто монополизируют внимание родителей во время семейных ужинов.

  Children often monopolise their parents' attention during family dinners.

• В дискуссии один спикер монополизировал разговор, не давая другим высказаться.

  In the discussion, one speaker monopolised the conversation, not allowing others to speak.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'Монополизировать' is a verb of the first conjugation, derived from foreign roots, and follows regular patterns for verbs ending in -изировать. It is intransitive and can be conjugated based on tense, aspect, and person. Below is a conjugation table for the present tense:

For 'захватить монополию', 'захватить' is an irregular verb (perfective aspect of 'захватывать'). It does not inflect further in this phrase as a fixed expression, but 'монополию' (accusative case of 'монополия') changes by case and number: Nominative: монополия; Genitive: монополии; etc.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • доминировать (dominirovatʲ) - More general for dominating, often used interchangeably in business contexts.
  • контролировать (kontrolirovatʲ) - Emphasizes control without implying exclusivity.
• Antonyms:
  • конкурировать (konkurirovatʲ) - Implies competition, contrasting with exclusive control.
  • разделять (razdeljatʲ) - Means to share or divide, opposing monopolization.

Related Phrases:

• захватить рынок - To seize the market; used in economic discussions to describe aggressive expansion.
• монополистическая практика - Monopolistic practices; refers to anti-competitive behaviors in business.
• бороться с монополией - To fight against monopoly; common in legal or social contexts advocating for fair competition.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'монополизировать' directly corresponds to 'monopolise' in formal English, especially in economic texts, but it's less common in everyday speech. Choose it for precise, professional contexts. 'Захватить монополию' is more vivid and narrative, suitable for informal or historical descriptions. Be mindful of aspect: Russian verbs have perfective and imperfective forms, so pair with appropriate auxiliaries for tense. For example, use in present tense as shown, but for past, say 'монополизировал' for he monopolised.

Common Errors:

• Confusing conjugation: English learners often misuse the endings, e.g., saying 'монополизируеть' instead of 'монополизирует'. Correct: Always end with -ует for third person singular. Error example: *Он монополизируеть рынок* (wrong); Correct: Он монополизирует рынок. This happens due to over-applying rules from similar verbs.
• Over-literal translation: Mistakenly using 'монополия захватить' instead of the proper word order. Error: *Монополия захватить он* (awkward); Correct: Он захватил монополию. Explanation: Russian sentence structure is flexible but requires subject-verb-object flow for clarity.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, discussions around monopolization often tie into historical contexts like the Soviet era's state-controlled industries or modern oligarchies. For instance, 'монополизировать' might evoke references to figures like those in the 1990s privatization, highlighting themes of power and inequality in post-Soviet society.

Related Concepts:

• олигархия (oligarchy)
• конкуренция (competition)
• антимонопольное законодательство (antitrust legislation)