Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'moiety'

English Word: moiety

Key Russian Translations:

• половина [pɐlɐvʲɪnə] - [Formal, General use; refers to a half or one of two equal parts]

Frequency: Low - "Moiety" is a specialized English term, not commonly used in everyday conversation, making its Russian equivalents less frequent in general language.

Difficulty: Intermediate (B1-B2) - Learners need to understand contextual nuances, as "половина" involves basic noun declensions and can vary by context (e.g., in chemistry or anthropology).

Pronunciation (Russian):

половина: [pɐlɐvʲɪnə]

Note on половина: The stress is on the second syllable (la). Be cautious with the soft sign (вʲ) which affects the pronunciation of the 'в' sound, making it softer. Variations may occur in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A half or one of two equal parts (general sense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• половина - Used in everyday contexts to denote division into halves, such as in measurements or descriptions. Context: Formal and informal settings, e.g., in recipes or discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: Эта половина пирога предназначена для гостей.

  This half of the pie is intended for the guests.

• Русский пример: В химии молекула состоит из двух частей, каждая из которых является отдельной половиной.

  In chemistry, the molecule consists of two parts, each of which is a separate moiety.

• Русский пример: Половина моего времени уходит на работу, а половина — на отдых.

  Half of my time goes to work, and the other half to rest.

• Русский пример: В антропологии moiety относится к половине социального объединения, например, в австралийских племенах.

  In anthropology, moiety refers to half of a social group, for example, in Australian tribes.

Specialized sense (e.g., in chemistry or anthropology)

Translation(s) & Context:

• половина - In scientific contexts, used metaphorically for a functional part; Context: Academic or technical writing, where precision is key.

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: В органической химии функциональная половина молекулы определяет её свойства.

  In organic chemistry, the functional moiety of the molecule determines its properties.

• Русский пример: Антропологическое понятие moiety описывается как половина клана в традиционных обществах.

  The anthropological concept of moiety is described as half of a clan in traditional societies.

• Русский пример: Каждая половина структуры кристалла играет уникальную роль.

  Each moiety of the crystal structure plays a unique role.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Половина" is a feminine noun in Russian, and it follows the standard first declension pattern for nouns ending in -а. It has regular inflections based on case and number. Below is a declension table for clarity:

Note: The word is invariable in terms of gender but changes with number and case as shown. For other potential translations, inflections would be similar if they are nouns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • наполовину (napolovinu) - Means "halfway" or "in half"; used for partial divisions.
  • часть (chast') - A more general term for "part"; differs as it's less specific to equality.
• Antonyms:
  • целое (tseloye) - Means "whole" or "entirety"; implies completeness rather than division.
  • полнота (polnota) - Means "fullness" or "completeness"; used in contexts emphasizing totality.

Related Phrases:

• половина стакана - Half a glass; Used in recipes or measurements to indicate portions.
• разделить пополам - To divide in half; A common phrase for splitting items equally.
• половина пути - Halfway through; Refers to midway points in journeys or processes.

Usage Notes:

"Половина" directly corresponds to the English "moiety" in contexts involving division, such as in science or everyday language, but English users should note that Russian requires attention to case and number for grammatical accuracy. For formal or technical uses (e.g., in anthropology), it's often paired with more specific terms. Choose "половина" for general halves, but in chemistry, "фрагмент" might be more precise. Avoid overuse in informal speech where simpler words suffice.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "половина" without proper declension, e.g., saying "Я ем половина яблока" instead of "Я ем половину яблока". Correct: The accusative case requires "половину". Explanation: Russian nouns change based on case, so learners must identify the governing preposition or verb.

• Error: Confusing with synonyms, e.g., using "часть" when "половина" implies equality. Correct: Use "половина" for exact halves. Explanation: This can lead to miscommunication in precise contexts like measurements.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of "половина" as a moiety often appears in folk traditions, such as dividing inheritance or community roles in historical societies. For instance, in some Slavic folklore, social divisions similar to anthropological moieties emphasize balance and harmony, reflecting cultural values of equality and community.

Related Concepts:

• фрагмент
• часть
• клан