Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'migrant'

English Word: migrant

Key Russian Translations:

• мигрант /mʲɪˈɡrant/ - [Formal, used in contexts of immigration and labor migration]
• переселенец /pʲɪrʲɪsʲɪˈlʲenʲɛts/ - [Formal, often implies voluntary or state-sponsored relocation]

Frequency: Medium (Common in news, official documents, and discussions on demographics, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, per CEFR; requires understanding of social and political contexts; for 'мигрант', it's straightforward, but 'переселенец' may vary slightly in nuance)

Pronunciation (Russian):

мигрант: /mʲɪˈɡrant/ (The stress is on the second syllable; note the palatalized 'м' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers)

переселенец: /pʲɪrʲɪsʲɪˈlʲenʲɛts/ (Emphasize the 'е' in the third syllable; the word has a rolling rhythm typical of Russian compound words)

Note on мигрант: Be cautious with the soft sign (ь) affecting pronunciation; it softens the preceding consonant.

Note on переселенец: This word often has regional variations in speed and emphasis in spoken Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A person who moves from one place to another, especially for work or to escape conditions.

Translation(s) & Context:

• мигрант - Used in formal contexts like international migration policies or news reports on labor movement.
• переселенец - Applied in historical or governmental contexts, such as internal resettlement programs in Russia.

Usage Examples:

• Русский: Многие мигранты из Центральной Азии работают в России.

  English: Many migrants from Central Asia work in Russia.

• Русский: Этот переселенец покинул свой родной регион из-за экономических трудностей.

  English: This migrant left their native region due to economic hardships.

• Русский: Власти обсуждают политику интеграции мигрантов в общество.

  English: Authorities are discussing policies for integrating migrants into society.

• Русский: Как переселенец, он получил государственную поддержку для переезда.

  English: As a migrant, he received government support for relocation.

• Русский: Мигрант должен пройти медицинский осмотр перед въездом.

  English: The migrant must undergo a medical examination before entry.

A broader sense, such as animal migration (e.g., birds).

Translation(s) & Context:

• мигрант - Less common for animals; typically reserved for humans, but can be used metaphorically.
• перелетная птица (for birds) - Not a direct synonym but related in migration contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Русский: Птицы-мигранты возвращаются весной в свои гнезда.

  English: Migrant birds return to their nests in the spring.

• Русский: Исследователи изучают пути мигрантов в дикой природе.

  English: Researchers study the paths of migrants in the wild.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'мигрант' and 'переселенец' are masculine nouns in the second declension. They follow standard Russian noun inflection patterns, which are regular but require attention to cases and numbers.

These words do not have irregular inflections, making them relatively straightforward for learners, but always adjust for gender agreement in sentences.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • иммигрант (immigrant; similar but implies permanent settlement)
  • эмигрант (emigrant; used for those leaving Russia, with a subtle difference in direction)
• Antonyms:
  • коренной житель (native resident; implies no migration history)
  • абориген (aborigine; more historical or indigenous context)

Related Phrases:

• незаконный мигрант - Illegal migrant; used in discussions of border control and asylum.
• переселенческая политика - Migration policy; refers to government programs for relocation.
• трудовой мигрант - Labor migrant; common in economic contexts involving seasonal work.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'мигрант' directly corresponds to the English 'migrant' in formal settings, but it's more neutral and often used in official or media contexts. Choose 'переселенец' for internal or historical migrations within Russia. Be mindful of the word's connotations: it can carry political sensitivity, especially in discussions of immigration. Grammatically, always ensure agreement with adjectives and verbs based on gender and case. For English learners, differentiate 'мигрант' from 'иммигрант' by direction of movement—'мигрант' is bidirectional, while 'иммигрант' is incoming.

• Avoid overusing in casual speech; opt for synonyms in everyday conversations.
• In sentences, it often pairs with prepositions like 'из' (from) for origin.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse 'мигрант' with 'эмигрант'. For example, incorrectly using 'эмигрант' to mean someone entering Russia (error: Он эмигрант из США – implying they're leaving the US to somewhere else), when the correct term is 'иммигрант'. Correct usage: Он иммигрант из США (He is an immigrant from the US). Another error is forgetting case inflections, e.g., saying 'Я встречаю мигрант' instead of 'Я встречаю мигранта' in accusative case. Always check the sentence structure for proper agreement to avoid sounding unnatural.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, terms like 'мигрант' are heavily influenced by historical events such as the Soviet-era resettlements and modern labor influx from former Soviet states. It often carries undertones of economic necessity and social integration challenges, reflecting Russia's diverse population and ongoing debates on multiculturalism. Understanding this helps English speakers grasp the emotional weight in contexts like media discussions on Central Asian workers.

Related Concepts:

• беженец (refugee)
• иммиграция (immigration)
• эмиграция (emigration)