Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'measure'

English Word: measure

Key Russian Translations:

• мера [ˈmʲerə] - [Noun, Formal, Singular]
• измерить [ɪzʲɪˈmʲerʲɪtʲ] - [Verb, Infinitive, Formal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in scientific, everyday, and technical contexts, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary like "дом" for house).

Difficulty: B1 for "мера" (Intermediate, as it involves basic noun inflections); B2 for "измерить" (Upper-Intermediate, due to verb conjugations and aspect usage).

Pronunciation (Russian):

мера: [ˈmʲerə] (The stress is on the first syllable; the "мʲ" indicates a palatalized 'm', which can be challenging for English speakers due to the soft consonant sound.)

Note on мера: Pay attention to the soft 'р' sound, which is lighter than in English; it may vary slightly in fast speech.

измерить: [ɪzʲɪˈmʲerʲɪtʲ] (Stress on the third syllable; the verb ending '-ить' often has a soft 'тʲ' that requires tongue positioning similar to 't' in 'tune'.)

Note on измерить: This is a perfective verb; imperfective form is "измерять" [ɪzʲɪˈmʲerʲɪtʲ], pronounced similarly but used for ongoing actions.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: As a noun, referring to a unit, standard, or quantity used for measurement (e.g., in science, cooking, or metrics).

Translation(s) & Context:

• "мера" - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as scientific discussions or recipes; appropriate for written and spoken Russian in educational settings.

Usage Examples:

• Эта мера используется для точного измерения длины. (Eta mera ispol'zuyetsya dlya tochnogo izmereniya dliny.)

  This measure is used for precise measurement of length. (Shows basic noun usage in a scientific context.)

• В рецепте указана мера сахара в граммах. (V retsepte ukazana mera sakhara v grammakh.)

  The recipe specifies the measure of sugar in grams. (Demonstrates everyday usage in cooking.)

• Международная мера веса стандартизирована. (Mezhdunarodnaya mera vesa standartizirovana.)

  The international measure of weight is standardized. (Illustrates formal, global contexts.)

• Какая мера подходит для жидкостей? (Kakaya mera podkhodit dlya zhidkostey?)

  What measure is suitable for liquids? (Question form in practical scenarios.)

Meaning 2: As a verb, meaning to determine the size, quantity, or degree of something (e.g., to measure length or assess).

Translation(s) & Context:

• "измерить" - Used for completed actions; in informal or formal contexts like experiments or daily tasks; often paired with instruments.

Usage Examples:

• Я измерил комнату перед ремонтом. (Ya izmeril komnatu pered remontom.)

  I measured the room before the renovation. (Perfective verb in a past action context.)

• Измерить температуру можно термометром. (Izmerit' temperaturu mozhno termometrom.)

  You can measure the temperature with a thermometer. (Imperative implication in instructional language.)

• Они измерили глубину реки вчера. (Oni izmerili glubinu reki vchera.)

  They measured the depth of the river yesterday. (Plural subject in a narrative context.)

• Пожалуйста, измерите это расстояние accurately. (Pozhaluysta, izmerite eto rasstoyanie accurately.)

  Please measure this distance accurately. (Formal request with adverb modification.)

• Как измерить уровень счастья? (Kak izmerit' urovnen' schast'ya?)

  How can one measure the level of happiness? (Abstract or metaphorical usage.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "мера" (a feminine noun, 1st declension):

For "измерить" (a perfective verb, 2nd conjugation):

It follows standard verb conjugation patterns. Example in present tense (imperfective counterpart: измерять):

Note: "Измерить" is perfective and typically used for completed actions, while its imperfective form "измерять" handles ongoing ones.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Единица (yedinitsa) - More specific to units, often used interchangeably in scientific contexts.
  • Критерии (kriterii) - For "measure" in evaluative senses, with a slight formal connotation.
• Antonyms:
  • Беспорядок (besporyadok) - Implies disorder or lack of measurement.
  • Неопределенность (neopredelennost') - For abstract measures, meaning uncertainty.

Related Phrases:

• Мера предосторожности (Mera predostorozhnosti) - A safety measure; used in contexts like safety protocols.
• Измерить температуру (Izmerit' temperaturu) - To measure temperature; common in medical or weather discussions.
• Стандартная мера (Standartnaya mera) - Standard measure; refers to official units in international standards.

Usage Notes:

"Мера" directly corresponds to the English noun "measure" in contexts of quantity or standards, but it's important to note its gender (feminine) for correct adjectival agreements, e.g., "точная мера" (accurate measure). For the verb "измерить," remember that Russian verbs have aspects: use it for completed actions, and pair it with the imperfective "измерять" for ongoing ones. In formal writing, prefer these over slang alternatives. When choosing between translations, use "мера" for static concepts and "измерить" for dynamic actions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "мера" without proper case agreement, e.g., saying "в мера" instead of "в мере" (in the measure).

  Correct: "В мере" is the prepositional case; explanation: Russian nouns change endings based on case, so always check the sentence structure.

• Error: Confusing verb aspects, e.g., using "измерить" for habitual actions like "I measure daily" (should be "измеряю").

  Correct: Use "измерять" for imperfective; explanation: This is a common mistake for English speakers who don't distinguish aspects, leading to timeline confusion in Russian sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "мера" often appears in historical contexts like the Soviet-era standardization of measures, which influenced daily life and industry. For instance, the shift to the metric system was a significant cultural and scientific milestone, reflecting Russia's emphasis on precision in education and technology.

Related Concepts:

• Единица измерения (yedinitsa izmereniya)
• Калибровка (kalibrovka)
• Статистика (statistika)