Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'maturity'

English Word: maturity

Key Russian Translations:

• зрелость [zɐˈrʲeləsʲtʲ] - [Formal]
• созревание [sɐzrʲɪˈvanʲɪje] - [Formal, often used in biological or developmental contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in educational, psychological, and everyday discussions about personal growth).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun declensions and contextual nuances in Russian).

Pronunciation (Russian):

зрелость: [zɐˈrʲeləsʲtʲ]

созревание: [sɐzrʲɪˈvanʲɪje]

Note on зрелость: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'р' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Note on созревание: This word has a rolling 'р' and ends with a soft 'е', making it slightly more complex to pronounce fluidly.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. The state of being fully developed physically, mentally, or emotionally.

Translation(s) & Context:

• зрелость - Used in formal discussions about personal or psychological development, such as in education or self-improvement contexts.
• созревание - Applied in contexts involving biological or natural processes, like fruit ripening or child development.

Usage Examples:

• Его зрелость в принятии решений впечатляет. (Yego zrelost' v prinjatii resheniy vpechatlyaet.)

  His maturity in decision-making is impressive.

• С возрастом приходит зрелость и мудрость. (S vozrastom prikhodit zrelost' i mudrost'.)

  With age comes maturity and wisdom.

• Процесс созревания фруктов требует правильных условий. (Protsess sozrevaniya fruktov trebuyet pravil'nykh usloviy.)

  The process of fruit maturity requires the right conditions.

• Психологическое созревание подростков часто бывает сложным. (Psikhologicheskoye sozrevaniye podrostkov chasto byvayet slozhnym.)

  The psychological maturity of teenagers is often challenging.

• Зрелость в отношениях помогает преодолеть конфликты. (Zrelost' v otnosheniyakh pomogayet preodolete konflikty.)

  Maturity in relationships helps overcome conflicts.

2. Full development or readiness in a non-personal context, e.g., financial or legal maturity.

Translation(s) & Context:

• зрелость - Less common, but used metaphorically in business or legal settings.
• созревание - Rarely used; instead, specific terms like "срок погашения" (srok pogasheniya) for financial maturity.

Usage Examples:

• Инвестиции достигают зрелости через несколько лет. (Investitsii dostigayut zrelosti cherez neskol'ko let.)

  Investments reach maturity after several years.

• Срок созревания проекта был продлен. (Srok sozrevaniya proyekta byl prodlen.)

  The maturity period of the project was extended.

• Зрелость вина определяется временем выдержки. (Zrelost' vina opredelyayetsya vremenem vydyzhki.)

  The maturity of wine is determined by aging time.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "зрелость" and "созревание" are feminine nouns in Russian. They follow standard third-declension patterns for abstract nouns.

Note: These nouns are invariable in terms of gender and do not have irregular forms, making them relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • взрослость [vzroslost'] (adulthood; similar but implies age more than maturity)
  • зрелый возраст [zrelyy vozrast] (mature age; literal and contextual synonym)
• Antonyms:
  • незрелость [nezrelost'] (immaturity)
  • детскость [detskost'] (childishness; often used in emotional contexts)

Related Phrases:

• Достигнуть зрелости (Dostich' zrelosti) - To reach maturity; used for personal growth or development.
• Процесс созревания (Protsess sozrevaniya) - The process of maturing; common in scientific or natural contexts.
• Зрелый подход (Zrelyy podkhod) - A mature approach; implies wise decision-making in professional settings.

Usage Notes:

• Russian translations like "зрелость" align closely with the English "maturity" in abstract senses, but choose based on context—use "созревание" for physical or biological processes to avoid confusion.
• These words are typically formal; in informal speech, Russians might use phrases like "стать взрослым" (stat' vzroslym) instead.
• Grammatically, always decline nouns according to case; for example, use genitive for possession (зрелости человека - maturity of a person).
• When multiple translations exist, prioritize "зрелость" for emotional or psychological maturity, as it's more versatile.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "зрелость" in biological contexts without proper inflection, e.g., saying "процесс зрелость" instead of "процесс созревания".
  Correct: "Процесс созревания фруктов" (The process of fruit maturity). Explanation: "Зрелость" is a state, not a process, so mismatch leads to awkward phrasing.
• Error: Forgetting to decline the noun, e.g., "Я увидел зрелость" in accusative, but incorrectly saying "Я увидел зрелости".
  Correct: "Я увидел зрелость" (I saw maturity). Explanation: Accusative for direct objects doesn't change for this noun, but learners often over-decline.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "зрелость" often carries connotations of wisdom gained through life's hardships, influenced by historical events like the Soviet era. It's not just about age but emotional resilience, as seen in literature like Tolstoy's works, where maturity is tied to moral growth.

Related Concepts:

• мудрость (mudrost' - wisdom)
• развитие (razvitie - development)
• взросление (vzroslenie - growing up)