Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'manic'

English Word: manic

Key Russian Translations:

• маниакальный /mɐˈnʲakəlʲnɨj/ - [Formal, used in medical or psychological contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in psychological or medical discussions, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjective forms and vocabulary related to mental health)

Pronunciation (Russian):

маниакальный: /mɐˈnʲakəlʲnɨj/

Note on маниакальный: The stress falls on the third syllable ("ka"), and the soft sign (ʲ) indicates a palatalized consonant, which can be tricky for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly by region.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Relating to mania, characterized by excessive excitement, energy, or irrational behavior (as in bipolar disorder or psychological contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• маниакальный - Used in formal medical descriptions, such as diagnosing manic episodes; context: psychological evaluations or clinical settings.

Usage Examples:

• Он находился в маниакальном состоянии после бессонной ночи.

  He was in a manic state after a sleepless night.

• Её маниакальный энтузиазм пугал коллег.

  Her manic enthusiasm frightened her colleagues.

• Врач описал его поведение как маниакальное во время эпизода.

  The doctor described his behavior as manic during the episode.

• Маниакальный подъём настроения часто сменяется депрессией.

  A manic elevation of mood is often followed by depression.

• Его маниакальные идеи заставили семью обратиться за помощью.

  His manic ideas prompted his family to seek help.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Маниакальный" is an adjective in Russian, which follows the standard pattern for first-declension adjectives. It changes based on gender, number, and case. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This adjective is regular, so it follows general rules without irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Безумный (bezumnyj) - Wild or insane, often with a more emotional connotation; used in everyday language.
  • Истерзанный (isterzannyi) - Tormented or frenzied, implying distress; applicable in poetic or dramatic contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • Спокойный (spokojnyj) - Calm, directly opposite in psychological contexts.
  • Депрессивный (depressivnyj) - Depressive, contrasting in mood disorders.

Related Phrases:

• Маниакальное поведение (maniacal behavior) - Refers to erratic actions in psychological contexts.
• Маниакальный эпизод (manic episode) - A period of heightened activity, often in bipolar disorder.
• Маниакальный подъём (manic surge) - Sudden energy boost, with a connotation of instability.

Usage Notes:

"Маниакальный" is a direct and precise translation for "manic" in medical and psychological contexts, but it's more formal and less commonly used in casual conversation. English speakers should note that Russian adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify, so always adjust accordingly (e.g., "маниакальный" for masculine singular). When choosing between synonyms like "безумный," opt for "маниакальный" in professional settings for accuracy. Be cautious with cultural sensitivities, as mental health topics can carry stigma in Russian-speaking regions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "маниакальный" interchangeably with "сумасшедший" (sumasshedshiy, meaning crazy), which is too informal and pejorative. Correct: Stick to "маниакальный" in clinical contexts to maintain professionalism. Example of error: "Он сумасшедший" instead of "У него маниакальное состояние." Explanation: "Сумасшедший" implies general insanity and can offend, while "маниакальный" is specific and neutral.

• Error: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "маниакальный женщина" instead of "маниакальная женщина." Correct: Always match the adjective to the noun's gender and case. Explanation: Russian grammar requires this for clarity, unlike English.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "маниакальный" are often associated with discussions of mental health, which have historically been stigmatized due to Soviet-era attitudes. However, modern awareness campaigns are reducing this stigma, especially in urban areas. Understanding this context helps English users appreciate why such words are used more cautiously in everyday Russian speech.

Related Concepts:

• Депрессия (depressiya)
• Биполярное расстройство (bipolyarnoe rasstrojstvo)
• Психоз (psikhoz)