Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'malison'

English Word: malison

Key Russian Translations:

• проклятие /prɐˈklʲætʲɪje/ - [Formal; used in literary or historical contexts]
• проклинать /prɐˈklʲinətʲ/ - [Informal; verb form, often in spoken language or narratives]

Frequency: Low (This word and its translations are not commonly used in everyday modern Russian, appearing more in literature, folklore, or archaic texts.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian noun and verb inflections, as well as contextual usage in narratives. The noun form is straightforward, but the verb may vary in difficulty depending on tense mastery.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

проклятие: /prɐˈklʲætʲɪje/ (Stress on the second syllable; the 'лʲ' sound is a soft 'l', which can be challenging for English speakers.)

проклинать: /prɐˈklʲinətʲ/ (Stress on the second syllable; note the infinitive form, with potential variations in conjugated forms.)

Note on проклятие: This word has a strong, emphatic pronunciation in emotional contexts, often with a rising intonation to convey intensity.

Note on проклинать: As a verb, pronunciation may soften in casual speech, but be careful with the soft consonants.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A curse or invocation of harm, often in a supernatural or archaic sense.

Translation(s) & Context:

• проклятие - Used in formal or literary contexts to describe a spoken or magical curse, such as in stories or historical texts.
• проклинать - Employed as a verb in informal or narrative settings to indicate the act of cursing someone.

Usage Examples:

• Он наложил проклятие на древний замок, чтобы никто не мог войти. (He placed a curse on the ancient castle so that no one could enter.)

  English: He placed a curse on the ancient castle so that no one could enter.

• В гневе она проклинала своих врагов, желаю им вечных несчастий. (In anger, she cursed her enemies, wishing them eternal misfortunes.)

  English: In anger, she cursed her enemies, wishing them eternal misfortunes.

• Проклятие семьи перешло из поколения в поколение, как в старых сказках. (The family curse passed from generation to generation, as in old tales.)

  English: The family curse passed from generation to generation, as in old tales.

• Он часто проклинал погоду, когда она мешала его планам. (He often cursed the weather when it interfered with his plans.)

  English: He often cursed the weather when it interfered with his plans. (Here, it shows a more everyday, metaphorical use.)

• В мифе герой снял проклятие с волшебного меча. (In the myth, the hero lifted the curse from the magical sword.)

  English: In the myth, the hero lifted the curse from the magical sword. (Demonstrates use in fantastical contexts.)

Secondary Meaning: A general expression of damnation or severe condemnation (less common in modern Russian).

Translation(s) & Context:

• проклятие - In poetic or dramatic contexts, to express strong disapproval or fate.

Usage Examples:

• Проклятие этой войны навсегда изменило их жизни. (The curse of this war forever changed their lives.)

  English: The curse of this war forever changed their lives. (Figurative use for a lingering negative impact.)

• Она проклинала свою судьбу, но продолжала бороться. (She cursed her fate but continued to fight.)

  English: She cursed her fate but continued to fight.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For проклятие (neuter noun, 2nd declension):

This noun follows standard Russian neuter declension patterns. It is inflected based on case and number. Below is a table of its forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	проклятие	проклятия
Genitive	проклятия	проклятий
Dative	проклятию	проклятиям
Accusative	проклятие	проклятия
Instrumental	проклятием	проклятиями
Prepositional	проклятии	проклятиях

For проклинать (verb, 1st conjugation):

This is an imperfective verb with irregular aspects in some forms. It conjugates based on tense, person, and number. Example in present tense:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	проклинаю	проклинаем
2nd	проклинаешь	проклинаете
3rd	проклинает	проклинают

Note: The perfective aspect is "проклясть", which is used for completed actions.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • заклятие (more magical connotation, often used in fantasy)
  • проклинать (as a verb synonym, but with slight emphasis on repetition)
  • клясть (general cursing, but less intense)
• Antonyms:
  • благословение ( blessing; opposite in a spiritual sense)
  • похвала (praise; for verbal expressions)

Related Phrases:

• Наложить проклятие (To cast a curse) - Used in narratives to describe imposing a supernatural penalty.
• Снять проклятие (To lift a curse) - Common in folklore, meaning to remove a negative spell.
• Вечное проклятие ( Eternal curse) - Refers to a perpetual damnation, often in dramatic contexts.

Usage Notes:

"Malison" directly corresponds to "проклятие" in its archaic sense, but in Russian, it's more versatile and often appears in literary or cultural contexts rather than everyday speech. Choose "проклятие" for nouns and "проклинать" for actions; the former is formal, while the latter can be informal. Be mindful of grammatical gender and case in sentences, as Russian requires agreement. For English learners, avoid overusing in casual conversation, as it may sound overly dramatic.

• In formal writing, pair with adjectives like "древнее проклятие" (ancient curse).
• When selecting between translations, use "проклинать" for dynamic actions and "проклятие" for static states.

Common Errors:

One common mistake is confusing "проклятие" (a noun for the curse itself) with "проклинать" (the verb for cursing), leading to incorrect sentence structures. For example:

• Incorrect: "Я проклятие врагов." (This implies "I am the curse of enemies," which is grammatically wrong.)
• Correct: "Я проклинаю врагов." (I curse my enemies.)
• Explanation: English speakers might forget verb conjugation; always adjust for person and tense in Russian.

Another error is improper inflection, such as using the nominative in all cases: Incorrect: "О проклятия" (should be "О проклятии" in prepositional case).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "проклятие" are deeply rooted in folklore and literature, such as in fairy tales by Pushkin or folk stories involving witches and curses. They often symbolize fate or divine retribution, reflecting historical beliefs in magic and superstition, which can add dramatic flair to storytelling.

Related Concepts:

• волшебство (magic)
• заклинание (spell)
• проклятый (cursed, as an adjective)