Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'lush'

English Word: lush

Key Russian Translations:

• роскошный [rɐˈskɔʂnɨj] - [Formal, commonly used for luxurious or abundant contexts]
• буйный [ˈbuɪnɨj] - [Informal, specifically for natural abundance like plants or growth]
• пьяница [ˈpʲjanʲɪtsə] - [Slang, Informal, used in casual or derogatory contexts for someone excessive with alcohol]

Frequency: Medium (The word 'lush' and its translations appear regularly in everyday Russian, especially in descriptive or informal speech, but not as common as basic vocabulary.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for роскошный and буйный; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for пьяница due to its slang connotations and cultural nuances.

Pronunciation (Russian):

роскошный: [rɐˈskɔʂnɨj] (Emphasize the stress on the third syllable; the 'ш' sound is a soft fricative.)

буйный: [ˈbuɪnɨj] (The initial 'б' is a voiced bilabial stop; note the soft 'й' at the end, which can vary in speed.)

пьяница: [ˈpʲjanʲɪtsə] (Palatalized 'пʲ' and 'нʲ' are key; this word often has a quicker tempo in spoken Russian.)

Note on роскошный: Be cautious with the rolled 'р' sound, which is common in Russian but may be challenging for English speakers.

Note on буйный: In some dialects, the vowel in the first syllable can soften, making it sound like [bʊɪnɨj].

Note on пьяница: The ending '-ница' often indicates a noun for a person, and pronunciation can slur in informal speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Luxuriant, abundant, or richly grown (e.g., referring to vegetation or natural growth)

Translation(s) & Context:

• буйный - Used in informal contexts like describing nature or everyday scenery; common in literature or casual conversation.

Usage Examples:

• Весной лес становится буйным и полным жизни.

  In spring, the forest becomes lush and full of life.

• Буйные цветы в саду привлекали пчёл со всей округи.

  The lush flowers in the garden attracted bees from all around.

• После дождя трава выросла буйной и зелёной.

  After the rain, the grass grew lush and green.

• Буйный луг был идеальным местом для пикника.

  The lush meadow was the perfect spot for a picnic.

Meaning 2: Luxurious, opulent, or richly indulgent (e.g., describing wealth or excess)

Translation(s) & Context:

• роскошный - Preferred in formal or descriptive contexts, such as advertising, travel, or high-society discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Этот отель предлагает роскошные номера с видом на море.

  This hotel offers lush rooms with a sea view.

• Роскошная вечеринка была полна знаменитостей и изысканных блюд.

  The lush party was full of celebrities and exquisite dishes.

• Её роскошный образ жизни включает частые поездки за границу.

  Her lush lifestyle includes frequent trips abroad.

• Роскошный дизайн интерьера сделал дом настоящим шедевром.

  The lush interior design turned the house into a true masterpiece.

Meaning 3: Excessive, especially in drinking (slang for a drunkard)

Translation(s) & Context:

• пьяница - Informal and slang, often used in humorous or critical contexts; avoid in formal settings.

Usage Examples:

• Он стал пьяницей после потери работы, проводя дни в баре.

  He became a lush after losing his job, spending days in the bar.

• Не будь пьяницей; это вредно для здоровья.

  Don't be a lush; it's harmful to your health.

• В фильме главный герой изображён как закоренелый пьяница.

  In the movie, the main character is portrayed as a chronic lush.

• Пьяница на улице пел песни до поздней ночи.

  The lush on the street was singing songs until late at night.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Most translations are adjectives or nouns with standard Russian inflections. Below is a breakdown:

For роскошный (adjective, masculine singular):

Form	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	роскошный	роскошная	роскошное	роскошные
Genitive	роскошного	роскошной	роскошного	роскошных
Dative	роскошному	роскошной	роскошному	роскошным

For буйный (adjective): Follows similar adjectival patterns as роскошный, with regular endings based on gender, number, and case.

For пьяница (noun, feminine): This is a first-declension noun with regular inflections:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	пьяница	пьяницы
Genitive	пьяницы	пьяниц
Dative	пьянице	пьяницам

Note: These are regular inflections; no irregularities for these words.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• роскошный: пышный (pyshnyy) - Similar but often implies more fullness or volume.
• буйный: густой (gusty) - Used for dense growth, with a slight emphasis on thickness.
• пьяница: алкоголик (alkogolik) - More clinical and less slangy.

Antonyms:

• роскошный: скромный (skromnyy)
• буйный: скудный (skudnyy)
• пьяница: трезвенник (trezvennik)

Related Phrases:

• Роскошная жизнь - A lush life; refers to a life of luxury and indulgence.
• Буйная растительность - Lush vegetation; common in environmental or travel contexts.
• Стать пьяницей - To become a lush; used in discussions about addiction or behavior.

Usage Notes:

In English, 'lush' can be positive (e.g., beautiful growth) or negative (e.g., excessive drinking), and this duality carries over to Russian. For роскошный, it's generally positive and formal, making it a good match for luxurious contexts; avoid it for slang. Буйный is ideal for natural settings but can imply wildness, so use cautiously. Пьяница is highly informal and pejorative—opt for it only in casual conversations. When choosing between translations, consider the context: formal vs. informal. Grammatically, adjectives like роскошный must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using роскошный for natural growth instead of буйный. Correct: Буйный лес (lush forest). Explanation: Роскошный implies luxury, not just abundance, which can sound odd in natural contexts.
• Error: Misinflecting пьяница, e.g., saying *пьяника* in genitive. Correct: Пьяницы. Explanation: Russian nouns follow declension patterns; learners often drop the correct ending due to unfamiliarity with cases.
• Error: Overusing пьяница in formal writing. Correct: Use алкоголик for a more neutral term. Explanation: Пьяница is slang and can offend, while 'lush' in English might not carry the same strong negative connotation.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like роскошный often evoke images of Soviet-era luxury or modern affluence, reflecting a history of contrasting scarcity and opulence. Пьяница highlights Russia's complex relationship with alcohol, stemming from historical and social factors like long winters and traditional toasts, which can make such terms sensitive in conversation.

Related Concepts:

• богатый (rich)
• природа (nature)
• алкоголь (alcohol)