Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'limited'

English Word: limited

Key Russian Translations:

• Ограниченный (/ɐɡrəˈnʲit͡ɕənɨj/) - [Formal, Adjective]
• Ограничить (/ɐɡrəˈnʲit͡ɕʲ/) - [Formal, Verb, Used in contexts involving restriction or control]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday language, business, and legal contexts, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective and verb conjugations; for 'ограниченный' as adjective, B1; for 'ограничить' as verb, B2 due to verb aspect variations).

Pronunciation (Russian):

Ограниченный: /ɐɡrəˈnʲit͡ɕənɨj/

Ограничить: /ɐɡrəˈnʲit͡ɕʲ/

Note on Ограниченный: The stress falls on the third syllable ('nʲit͡ɕənɨj'), and the 'г' is pronounced as a voiced velar fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers accustomed to harder 'g' sounds.

Note on Ограничить: This is a verb with imperfective aspect; pay attention to the soft 'ч' sound, which is palatalized.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Restricted in size, amount, or extent (Adjective form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Ограниченный - Used in formal contexts like describing limits in resources, time, or capabilities, e.g., in business or scientific discussions.

Usage Examples:

• У нас ограниченный бюджет для проекта. (U nas ogranichennyy byudzhet dlya proyekta.)

  We have a limited budget for the project. (This example shows the adjective in a practical business context, emphasizing resource constraints.)

• Из-за ограниченного времени мы не смогли завершить все задачи. (Iz-za ogranichennogo vremeni my ne smogli zavershit' vse zadachi.)

  Due to the limited time, we couldn't complete all the tasks. (Illustrates use in time management scenarios, with genitive case for 'time'.)

• Эта книга имеет ограниченный тираж. (Eta kniga imyet ogranichennyy tirazh.)

  This book has a limited print run. (Demonstrates adjective modification in publishing contexts.)

• В ограниченном пространстве трудно работать. (V ogranichennom prostranstve trudno rabotat'.)

  In the limited space, it's hard to work. (Shows use with prepositional phrases for spatial constraints.)

• Ограниченный доступ к информации может замедлить прогресс. (Ogranichennyy dostup k informatsii mozhet zamedit' progress.)

  Limited access to information can slow down progress. (Highlights adjective in digital or informational contexts.)

Meaning 2: To restrict or set limits (Verb form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Ограничить - Used in formal or imperative contexts to indicate imposing restrictions, often in legal, health, or policy discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Правительство решило ограничить скорость на шоссе. (Pravitel'stvo reshilо ogranichit' skorost' na shosse.)

  The government decided to limit the speed on the highway. (This shows the verb in a policy-making context, with infinitive form.)

• Я должен ограничить себя в еде, чтобы похудеть. (Ya dolzhen ogranichit' sebya v ede, chtoby pokhudet'.)

  I need to limit myself in food to lose weight. (Illustrates reflexive use in personal health contexts.)

• Компания ограничит доступ к серверу для безопасности. (Kompaniya ogranichit dostup k serveru dlya bezopasnosti.)

  The company will limit access to the server for security. (Demonstrates future tense in a tech/security scenario.)

• Врачи рекомендуют ограничить употребление сахара. (Vrachi rekomenduyut ogranichit' upotrebleniye sakhara.)

  Doctors recommend limiting sugar intake. (Shows infinitive in health advice contexts.)

• Мы ограничили расходы, чтобы сэкономить. (My ogranichili rashody, chtoby sэкономit'.)

  We limited expenses to save money. (Past tense example in financial management.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'ограниченный' (adjective), it follows the standard pattern of Russian adjectives, which decline based on gender, number, and case. It is a short-form adjective in some contexts but primarily long-form.

For 'ограничить' (verb), it is an imperfective verb. Conjugations vary by tense, aspect, and person. Example in present tense: ограничиваю (I limit), ограничиваешь (you limit), etc. It has imperfective aspect, with perfective counterpart 'ограничить' (to limit completely).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Ограниченный: узкий (uzkiy) - more spatial connotation
  • Ограничить: сдерживать (sderzhivat') - implies restraint
• Antonyms:
  • Ограниченный: неограниченный (neogranichennyy)
  • Ограничить: расширить (rashirit') - to expand

Related Phrases:

• Ограниченный доступ (ogranichennyy dostup) - Limited access; commonly used in security or online contexts.
• Ограничить себя (ogranichit' sebya) - To limit oneself; refers to self-restraint in personal development or diet.
• Временно ограниченный (vremenno ogranichennyy) - Temporarily limited; used in contractual or event-based scenarios.

Usage Notes:

'Ограниченный' directly corresponds to the English adjective 'limited' in most contexts, but it's important to note its declension based on Russian case system. For verbs like 'ограничить', choose based on aspect: use imperfective for ongoing actions and perfective for completed ones. In formal writing, prefer these over colloquial alternatives. When translating, consider the context—e.g., 'limited edition' might be 'ограниченный тираж' in publishing.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'ограниченный' without proper declension, e.g., saying "в ограниченный" instead of "в ограниченном" for prepositional case. Correct: Always decline based on the noun it modifies. Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case, unlike English.
• Error: Confusing verb aspects, e.g., using 'ограничить' for ongoing actions. Correct: Use 'ограничивать' for imperfective (ongoing). Explanation: This can lead to tense mismatches in sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'ограниченный' often appear in contexts of historical scarcity, such as during the Soviet era with limited resources. This can evoke connotations of endurance and resourcefulness, making it a subtle nod to cultural resilience in modern usage.

Related Concepts:

• Безопасность (bezopasnost') - Security
• Ресурсы (resursy) - Resources
• Контроль (kontrol') - Control