Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'lathe'

English Word: lathe

Key Russian Translations:

• Токарный станок /tɐˈkarnɨj stɐˈnok/ - [Technical, Formal; Used in manufacturing and engineering contexts]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and not commonly used in everyday conversation, primarily in technical fields.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires familiarity with technical vocabulary, suitable for learners with a solid grasp of Russian grammar and industrial terminology.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Токарный станок: /tɐˈkarnɨj stɐˈnok/

Note on Токарный станок: The stress falls on the third syllable of "токарный" (/ˈkarnɨj/), and the word "станок" has a hard 's' sound. Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional dialects, but this is the standard Moscow variant.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A machine tool used for shaping metal, wood, or other materials by rotating them against a cutting tool.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Токарный станок - Typically used in industrial or mechanical engineering settings; refers specifically to a device for precision turning operations.

Usage Examples:

• В мастерской установлен современный токарный станок для обработки металла.

  In the workshop, a modern lathe is installed for processing metal.

• Инженер настроил токарный станок перед началом производства деталей.

  The engineer set up the lathe before starting the production of parts.

• На токарном станке можно создавать сложные формы из дерева или пластика.

  On a lathe, you can create complex shapes from wood or plastic.

• Студенты учили работать на токарном станке во время лабораторных занятий.

  Students learned to work on a lathe during lab sessions.

• Без правильной смазки токарный станок может быстро износиться.

  Without proper lubrication, a lathe can wear out quickly.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Токарный станок" is a noun phrase where "станок" is a masculine noun of the first declension. It follows standard Russian noun inflection patterns. "Токарный" is an adjective that agrees with "станок" in gender, number, and case.

Key inflections for "станок" (as the core noun):

Note: The adjective "токарный" changes accordingly to match the noun's case, e.g., токарного (genitive singular). This is a regular pattern for Russian adjectives and nouns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Токарный верстак (less common, implies a workbench setup; used in smaller workshops)
  • Токарное устройство (more general term for any turning device)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as this is a specific tool. However, contrasting terms might include "фрезерный станок" (milling machine), which performs different operations.

Related Phrases:

• Работать на токарном станке - To work on a lathe; Used in contexts describing manual or automated operations in manufacturing.
• Настроить токарный станок - To set up a lathe; Common in technical instructions or training scenarios.
• Токарный станок с ЧПУ - CNC lathe; Refers to a computer-controlled version, highlighting modern industrial applications.

Usage Notes:

This translation corresponds directly to the English "lathe" in technical contexts, emphasizing precision machining. Use "токарный станок" in formal or professional settings, such as engineering discussions or manuals. Be mindful of the adjective-noun agreement in Russian sentences. If the context involves older or manual tools, this term is appropriate; for modern variants, pair it with descriptors like "с ЧПУ". When choosing among translations, opt for "токарный станок" over less precise alternatives for accuracy.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing it with "фрезерный станок" (milling machine) and using the wrong term in descriptions of turning operations.

  Correct: Токарный станок используется для вращения заготовки. (A lathe is used for rotating the workpiece.)

  Explanation: English learners often mix up machining tools; ensure the operation involves rotation, not cutting planes.

• Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., saying "на токарный станок" instead of "на токарном станке" in prepositional contexts.

  Correct: Работать на токарном станке. (Work on a lathe.)

  Explanation: Russian requires proper case agreement; prepositional phrases need the prepositional case.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and industry, the "токарный станок" symbolizes the legacy of Soviet-era manufacturing, where heavy machinery played a key role in industrialization. It often appears in contexts related to engineering education or factory work, reflecting Russia's historical emphasis on technical skills during the 20th century.

Related Concepts:

• Фрезерный станок (milling machine)
• Сверлильный станок (drilling machine)
• Инструмент (tool)