Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'larynx'

English Word: larynx

Key Russian Translations:

• гортань [ɡɐrˈtanʲ] - [Formal, Medical/Anatomical]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in medical, scientific, or educational contexts; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with anatomical vocabulary, suitable for learners with a solid grasp of Russian grammar and specialized terms)

Pronunciation (Russian):

гортань: [ɡɐrˈtanʲ]

Note on гортань: The stress falls on the second syllable ('tanʲ'). The 'г' is a voiced velar fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers; it sounds similar to the 'g' in "go" but with more friction. Be mindful of the palatalized 'нʲ' at the end.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The larynx as an anatomical structure (e.g., the organ containing the vocal cords)

Translation(s) & Context:

• гортань - Used in formal medical discussions, anatomy lessons, or scientific texts to refer to the larynx in humans or animals.

Usage Examples:

• Врач осмотрел гортань пациента, чтобы проверить vocal cords.

  The doctor examined the patient's larynx to check the vocal cords.

• Гортань играет ключевую роль в процессе речи и дыхания.

  The larynx plays a key role in the process of speech and breathing.

• В анатомии человека гортань расположена между глоткой и трахеей.

  In human anatomy, the larynx is located between the pharynx and the trachea.

• Из-за инфекции гортань опухла, вызывая хриплый голос.

  Due to the infection, the larynx swelled, causing a hoarse voice.

• Хирургическое вмешательство в гортань может улучшить качество голоса.

  Surgical intervention in the larynx can improve the quality of the voice.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Гортань" is a feminine noun in Russian, belonging to the first declension. It follows standard patterns for feminine nouns ending in '-ь' or a consonant. The word is invariable in terms of stem changes but inflects by case and number as shown below:

Note: This noun does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • голосовые связки (golososye svyazki) - More specific to the vocal cords within the larynx; used in contexts focusing on phonation.
  • адамово яблоко (adamovo yabloko) - Refers to the Adam's apple, a visible part of the larynx in males; less precise but related.
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as "гортань" is a specific anatomical term without common opposites. However, in broader contexts, terms like "глотка" (pharynx) might contrast as an adjacent structure.

Related Phrases:

• воспаление гортани (vospaleniye gortani) - Meaning: Inflammation of the larynx; commonly used in medical contexts for conditions like laryngitis.
• операция на гортани (operatsiya na gortani) - Meaning: Surgery on the larynx; refers to procedures to treat vocal or structural issues.
• гортань и дыхание (gortan' i dyikhaniye) - Meaning: The larynx and breathing; used in discussions about respiratory anatomy.

Usage Notes:

"Гортань" directly corresponds to the English "larynx" in medical and anatomical contexts, but it's a formal term not typically used in casual conversation. English learners should note that Russian often requires the appropriate case for grammatical agreement; for example, use the genitive case (гортани) when indicating possession, as in "болезнь гортани" (disease of the larynx). If multiple translations exist, choose "гортань" for precision in scientific settings, but "голосовые связки" for voice-related discussions. Be aware of regional variations in pronunciation across Russian dialects.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "гортань" with "глотка" (pharynx): English learners often mix these up. Error: Saying "Я имею в виду глотку" when meaning the larynx. Correct: "Я имею в виду гортань." Explanation: "Глотка" refers to the pharynx, which is higher in the throat, so use "гортань" for accuracy in anatomical descriptions.

• Incorrect declension: Forgetting to change the case, e.g., using nominative "гортань" in all contexts. Error: "Пациент имеет боль в гортань" (incorrect genitive). Correct: "Пациент имеет боль в гортани." Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case; here, the prepositional case is needed after "в" (in).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions about the larynx often tie into broader themes of health and expression, as seen in literature and folklore where voice and speech symbolize identity. For instance, in Russian medical history, pioneers like Ivan Pavlov studied laryngeal functions, linking it to physiological and emotional expression, which reflects the cultural emphasis on holistic well-being.

Related Concepts:

• трахея (trachea)
• глотка (pharynx)
• голосовые связки (vocal cords)