Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'latency'

English Word: latency

Key Russian Translations:

• задержка [zəˈdʲerʐkə] - [Technical, Formal]
• латентность [ləˈtɛntnəsʲtʲ] - [Specific to psychology or computing, Formal]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical and scientific contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with technical terminology; задержка is slightly easier for beginners, while латентность may be more advanced)

Pronunciation (Russian):

задержка: [zəˈdʲerʐkə]

Note on задержка: The 'ж' sound is a voiced retroflex fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers; it sounds similar to the 's' in "measure" but with a rolled quality.

латентность: [ləˈtɛntnəsʲtʲ]

Note on латентность: The stress is on the second syllable; pay attention to the soft 'т' sound, which is palatalized in Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Delay in time, especially in computing, networks, or signal transmission.

Translation(s) & Context:

• задержка - Used in technical contexts like network performance or audio/video streaming, often implying a measurable pause.
• латентность - Applied in more specialized fields like psychology (e.g., latent periods in behavior) or computing (e.g., data processing delays).

Usage Examples:

• Сеть имеет высокую задержку, что затрудняет онлайн-игры.

  The network has high latency, which makes online gaming difficult.

• Из-за задержки сигнала, видеозвонок прерывается.

  Due to signal latency, the video call is interrupted.

• В психологии латентность фазы развития может влиять на поведение ребенка.

  In psychology, the latency of developmental phases can affect a child's behavior.

• Программисты стремятся минимизировать задержку в приложениях для лучшей производительности.

  Programmers aim to minimize latency in applications for better performance.

• Латентность в компьютерных системах часто измеряется в миллисекундах.

  Latency in computer systems is often measured in milliseconds.

2. Hidden or underlying state (less common, e.g., in medical or psychological contexts).

Translation(s) & Context:

• латентность - Used for latent infections or hidden potentials, as in medical terminology.

Usage Examples:

• Латентность вируса может привести к неожиданным вспышкам заболевания.

  The latency of the virus can lead to unexpected outbreaks of the disease.

• В психоанализе латентность периода связана с подавленными желаниями.

  In psychoanalysis, the latency period is associated with repressed desires.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

задержка is a feminine noun (from the root "задержать" meaning "to delay"). It follows standard Russian noun declension patterns for first-declension feminine nouns. Below is a table of its inflections:

латентность is also a feminine noun and follows similar first-declension patterns:

Both words are invariable in terms of gender and do not have irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • опоздание (opozdanie) - More general, implying lateness in time.
  • задерживание (zaderzhivanie) - Emphasizes the act of delaying, often used in verbal contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • мгновенность (mgnovennost') - Instantaneity or immediacy.
  • быстрота (bystrota) - Speed or rapidity.

Related Phrases:

• высокая задержка - High latency; used in tech contexts to describe poor network performance.
• минимальная латентность - Minimal latency; refers to optimized systems with low delays.
• задержка сигнала - Signal latency; common in telecommunications.

Usage Notes:

Latency translates most directly to "задержка" in everyday technical English-Russian contexts, such as IT or networking, where it refers to time delays. Use "латентность" for more scientific or psychological applications, as it carries a connotation of something hidden or potential. Be mindful of context: "задержка" is neutral and formal, while "латентность" is more specialized. In Russian, always consider case agreement; for example, pair it with appropriate adjectives or verbs. When choosing between translations, opt for "задержка" for general audiences and "латентность" for precise, academic discussions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "задержка" interchangeably with "опоздание" without considering context. For instance, learners might say "опоздание сигнала" for signal latency, which implies lateness rather than a technical delay.

  Correct: Use "задержка сигнала" instead. Explanation: "Опоздание" suggests being late to an event, while "задержка" is about measurable pauses in systems.

• Error: Mispronouncing "задержка" by softening the 'ж' sound too much, making it sound like "zaderzhka" with an English 'zh'.

  Correct: Pronounce it as [zəˈdʲerʐkə] with a proper Russian retroflex fricative. Explanation: This ensures clarity in spoken Russian and avoids confusion with similar words.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and technology, terms like "задержка" are prevalent in discussions of internet infrastructure, reflecting Russia's emphasis on digital development. For example, during events like the annual Russian Internet Forum, latency issues in remote areas highlight infrastructural challenges, underscoring the word's relevance in modern society.

Related Concepts:

• скорость (speed)
• пропускная способность (bandwidth)
• загрузка (loading)