Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'jab'

English Word: jab

Key Russian Translations:

• джеб [dʒɛb] - [Informal, Sports context, e.g., boxing]
• укол [uˈkol] - [Formal, Medical context, e.g., injection]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in specific contexts like sports and healthcare, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B1 for 'джеб' (Intermediate, due to its borrowed status and sports-specific usage); A2 for 'укол' (Beginner, as it's a basic noun with straightforward grammar)

Pronunciation (Russian):

джеб: [dʒɛb] (The 'дж' sound is similar to the English 'j' in 'jump', but softer; stress on the first syllable)

Note on джеб: This is a borrowed word from English, so pronunciation may vary slightly by speaker, but it's generally straightforward for English learners.

укол: [uˈkol] (The stress is on the second syllable; the 'о' is pronounced like 'o' in 'core')

Note on укол: Be mindful of the vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, common in Russian; the first 'o' may sound like a schwa [ə].

Audio: []

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A quick punch or strike (e.g., in boxing)

Translation(s) & Context:

• джеб - Used in sports contexts, such as boxing or martial arts, to describe a fast, straight punch.

Usage Examples:

• Боксер мастерски нанёс джеб, чтобы дезориентировать противника.

  The boxer skillfully threw a jab to disorient his opponent.

• В тренировке важно отрабатывать джеб для повышения скорости.

  In training, it's important to practice the jab to improve speed.

• Его джеб был таким быстрым, что соперник не успел отреагировать.

  His jab was so quick that the opponent didn't have time to react.

• Тренер показал, как комбинировать джеб с хуком.

  The coach demonstrated how to combine a jab with a hook.

An injection or prick (e.g., medical)

Translation(s) & Context:

• укол - Used in medical or everyday contexts to refer to an injection, such as a vaccine or shot.

Usage Examples:

• Доктор сделал мне укол от гриппа, и я почувствовал лёгкий дискомфорт.

  The doctor gave me a jab for the flu, and I felt a slight discomfort.

• В детстве я боялся уколов, но теперь привык к ним.

  As a child, I was afraid of jabs, but now I'm used to them.

• Медсестра приготовила укол для пациента в больнице.

  The nurse prepared a jab for the patient in the hospital.

• Перед поездкой за границу нужно сделать укол от желтой лихорадки.

  Before traveling abroad, you need to get a jab for yellow fever.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'джеб' is a masculine noun borrowed from English, and it does not inflect regularly in Russian due to its foreign origin. It often remains unchanged in most forms, but can take standard masculine endings in some contexts:

'укол' is a masculine noun with regular inflection patterns:

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • джеб: удар (udar) - A general strike, but less specific to boxing.
  • укол: инъекция (injekcija) - More formal medical term; шприц (shprits) - Refers to the syringe itself.
• Antonyms:
  • джеб: блок (blok) - Block or defense in boxing.
  • укол: исцеление (iscelenie) - Healing, as an opposite in medical contexts.

Related Phrases:

• Быстрый джеб - A quick jab; used in combat sports to describe speed and precision.
• Сделать укол - To give an injection; common in medical routines.
• Двойной джеб - Double jab; a technique in boxing involving two quick strikes.
• Профилактический укол - Preventive jab; refers to vaccinations for disease prevention.

Usage Notes:

'Джеб' directly corresponds to the English 'jab' in boxing contexts and is often used informally among sports enthusiasts, but it's not common in everyday Russian speech. 'Укол' aligns with the medical sense of 'jab' and is more versatile, appearing in formal and informal settings. When choosing between translations, select 'джеб' for physical strikes and 'укол' for injections. Note that Russian nouns require case agreement, so always adjust based on sentence structure (e.g., use genitive after prepositions like 'от' - from).

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'джеб' with 'укол': English learners might use 'джеб' in medical contexts, e.g., saying "Я получил джеб в больнице" (incorrect) instead of "Я получил укол в больнице" (correct). Explanation: 'Джеб' is sports-specific, while 'укол' is for injections; this mix-up stems from direct translation without context.
• Incorrect inflection: Forgetting to change 'укол' in cases, e.g., saying "Я боюсь укол" in genitive context (should be "укола"). Correct: Use the proper case, as in "Боязнь укола" (Fear of the jab).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'джеб' is associated with boxing and martial arts, which have a strong tradition in Russia, exemplified by figures like Soviet-era boxers. 'Укол' reflects the importance of public health campaigns, such as widespread vaccination drives, which are a staple in Russian society due to historical emphasis on communal well-being.

Related Concepts:

• бокс (boxing)
• инъекция (injection)
• удар (strike)