Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'intrusion'

English Word: intrusion

Key Russian Translations:

• вмешательство [vmʲɪʂɐˈtʲɛlʲstvə] - [Formal, used in contexts involving interference or unauthorized entry]
• вторжение [ftɐrˈʐɛnʲjə] - [Formal, often implies a more aggressive or military context]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in legal, political, and everyday discussions, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun declensions and formal language; for 'вторжение', it may be B2 due to its specific connotations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

вмешательство: [vmʲɪʂɐˈtʲɛlʲstvə]

вторжение: [ftɐrˈʐɛnʲjə]

Note on вмешательство: The 'ш' sound (like 'sh' in 'she') can be tricky for English speakers; stress is on the fourth syllable. A soft 'т' sound is common in formal speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Unauthorized entry or interference into a private space or matter

Translation(s) & Context:

• вмешательство - Used in formal contexts like privacy laws or personal boundaries.
• вторжение - Applied when the intrusion involves force, such as in military or digital security scenarios.

Usage Examples:

• Его вмешательство в семейные дела вызвало раздражение. (Yego vmeshatelstvo v semeynye dela vyzyvalo razdrazhenie.)

  His intrusion into family matters caused irritation. (This example shows the word in a personal, everyday context.)

• Вторжение хакеров в систему компании привело к потере данных. (Vtorzhenie khakerov v sistemu kompanii privelo k potere dannykh.)

  The hackers' intrusion into the company's system led to data loss. (Illustrates a technical or security-related usage.)

• Правительственное вмешательство в экономику часто обсуждается в СМИ. (Pravitelstvennoe vmeshatelstvo v ekonomiku chasto obsuzhdaetsya v SMI.)

  Government intrusion into the economy is often discussed in the media. (Demonstrates formal, political usage.)

• Это вторжение в личное пространство недопустимо. (Eto vtorzhenie v lichnoe prostranstvo nedopustimo.)

  This intrusion into personal space is unacceptable. (Highlights ethical or social contexts.)

• Без разрешения, любое вмешательство может быть расценено как нарушение. (Bez razresheniya, lyuboe vmeshatelstvo mozhet byt' raschineno kak narushenie.)

  Without permission, any intrusion can be seen as a violation. (Shows the word in legal or regulatory scenarios.)

Meaning 2: An unwelcome interruption or imposition

Translation(s) & Context:

• вмешательство - Common in conversational settings for non-physical interruptions.

Usage Examples:

• Её вмешательство в разговор прервало важный обмен идеями. (Yeyo vmeshatelstvo v razgovor prervalo vazhnyy obmen ideyami.)

  Her intrusion into the conversation interrupted an important exchange of ideas. (Example in a social dialogue.)

• Вмешательство внешних факторов повлияло на исход эксперимента. (Vmeshatelstvo vneshnikh faktorov povliyalo na iskhod eksperimenta.)

  The intrusion of external factors affected the experiment's outcome. (Scientific or analytical context.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'вмешательство' and 'вторжение' are neuter nouns in Russian, which follow standard declension patterns for third-declension nouns. They are invariable in plural forms in most contexts but change by case.

Note: These nouns do not have irregular forms, but 'вторжение' is more commonly used in its singular form due to its specific meanings.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • вмешательство: вторжение, проникновение (penetration; more neutral), интервенция (intervention; formal, often political)
  • Explanation: 'Проникновение' is less formal and can imply subtlety, while 'интервенция' is used for international affairs.
• Antonyms:
  • воздержание (vozderzhanie; restraint)
  • невмешательство (nevmeshatelstvo; non-interference)

Related Phrases:

• Вмешательство в чужие дела (Vmeshatelstvo v chuzhie dela) - Interference in other people's affairs; often implies unwanted involvement.
• Военное вторжение (Voyennoe vtorzhenie) - Military intrusion; used in contexts of invasion or conflict.
• Незаконное проникновение (Nezakonnoye proniknovenie) - Illegal intrusion; common in legal discussions.

Usage Notes:

• Choose 'вмешательство' for general, non-physical intrusions, as it aligns closely with the English 'intrusion' in everyday or legal contexts. It's more versatile and formal.
• 'Вторжение' should be selected when the intrusion involves aggression or invasion, such as in military or cybersecurity scenarios, to avoid understating the severity.
• Be mindful of case endings in Russian sentences; for example, use genitive after prepositions like 'из' (from) in phrases like 'из-за вмешательства' (because of intrusion).
• In informal speech, Russians might use euphemisms to soften the term, so 'вмешательство' could be replaced with 'вмешательство' in polite conversations.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'вмешательство' with 'вмешательство' in plural forms, e.g., incorrectly using 'вмешательства' when singular is needed.
  Correct: Use 'вмешательство' in nominative singular for general statements. Example: Wrong - "Вмешательства произошло" (Incorrect plural); Right - "Вмешательство произошло" (Intrusion occurred).
• Error: Overusing 'вторжение' for any intrusion, which can make the language sound overly dramatic.
  Explanation: In English, 'intrusion' is neutral; in Russian, 'вторжение' implies force, so use 'вмешательство' for milder cases to maintain accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like 'вмешательство' often tie into historical events, such as foreign interventions during wars or the Cold War era. For instance, 'вторжение' evokes memories of invasions like Napoleon's or WWII, adding emotional weight to its usage in modern discussions.

Related Concepts:

• проникновение (penetration)
• интервенция (intervention)
• нарушение (violation)