Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'inflation'

English Word: inflation

Key Russian Translations:

• инфляция [ɪnˈflatsɨjə] - [Formal, Economic Term]

Frequency: Medium (Common in economic discussions, news, and academic contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of economic concepts and Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

инфляция: [ɪnˈflatsɨjə]

Note on инфляция: The stress falls on the third syllable ("flats"). Russian pronunciation may vary slightly by region, with a soft "я" sound at the end.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money, often in economic contexts.

Translation(s) & Context:

• инфляция - Used in formal economic reports, news articles, or discussions about finance; applies to general or specific instances of rising prices.

Usage Examples:

• Инфляция в России выросла из-за повышения цен на импортные товары.

  Inflation in Russia increased due to rising prices on imported goods.

• Правительство борется с инфляцией, вводя новые экономические меры.

  The government is fighting inflation by introducing new economic measures.

• Высокая инфляция может привести к снижению реальных доходов населения.

  High inflation can lead to a decrease in the real incomes of the population.

• Инфляция в 2023 году составила 4%, что ниже ожидаемого уровня.

  Inflation in 2023 amounted to 4%, which is below the expected level.

• Экономисты предсказывают ускорение инфляции в ближайшие месяцы.

  Economists predict an acceleration of inflation in the coming months.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Инфляция" is a feminine noun (third declension in Russian). It follows standard Russian noun declension patterns with some irregularities due to its borrowed origin from Latin via English. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: The plural form is less commonly used, as "инфляция" typically refers to a general phenomenon, but it can appear in contexts discussing multiple instances or types.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: рост цен (price increase) - More general term, often used in casual contexts; инфляционный рост (inflationary growth) - Emphasizes the economic aspect.
• Antonyms: дефляция (deflation) - Refers to a decrease in prices; стабильность цен (price stability) - Indicates no significant change in prices.

Related Phrases:

• высокая инфляция - High inflation; Used to describe rapid price increases that affect purchasing power.
• борьба с инфляцией - Fight against inflation; Common in policy discussions, referring to government efforts to control it.
• уровень инфляции - Inflation rate; Often used in statistical reports to quantify economic changes.

Usage Notes:

"Инфляция" directly corresponds to the English "inflation" in economic contexts and is the most precise translation. It is typically used in formal settings like business, news, or academia, and not in everyday casual speech. When choosing between synonyms like "рост цен," opt for "инфляция" for technical accuracy. Grammatically, always treat it as a feminine noun and adjust adjectives accordingly (e.g., "высокая инфляция" for "high inflation"). Be mindful of context: in Russian, inflation is often discussed in relation to government policies, so phrases involving economic interventions are common.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Confusing "инфляция" with "инфляционный" (adjectival form, meaning "inflationary"). Incorrect: "Инфляция рост" (which is nonsensical). Correct: "Инфляционный рост" for "inflationary growth." Explanation: "Инфляция" is a noun, so it should not be used as an adjective without modification.
• Mistake: Incorrect declension, e.g., using nominative in all cases. Incorrect: "о росте инфляция" instead of "о росте инфляции." Correct: "о росте инфляции" (genitive case). Explanation: Russian requires proper case agreement, especially in prepositional phrases.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, "инфляция" often carries historical connotations due to periods of high inflation in the 1990s following the Soviet Union's dissolution, which led to economic instability. This term is frequently discussed in media and evokes memories of rapid currency devaluation, making it a sensitive topic in conversations about modern economic policies.

Related Concepts:

• экономика (economy)
• валюта (currency)
• дефляция (deflation)