Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'inflammatory'

English Word: inflammatory

Key Russian Translations:

• воспалительный [vəspɐˈlʲitʲɪvnɨj] - [Formal, Medical context]
• разжигающий [rɐʐɨˈɡajʊʂɨj] - [Informal, Figurative context, e.g., inflammatory language or rhetoric]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and scientific literature, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical terminology and basic Russian adjective inflections. For 'разжигающий', it may be B1 if used in general contexts.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

воспалительный: [vəspɐˈlʲitʲɪvnɨj]

Note on воспалительный: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ('li'), which can be tricky for learners; ensure to emphasize it to avoid confusion with similar words.

разжигающий: [rɐʐɨˈɡajʊʂɨj]

Note on разжигающий: The 'ж' sound is a soft fricative, similar to the 's' in 'measure'; common in Russian but may require practice for English speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Medical context (e.g., relating to inflammation or causing swelling)

Translation(s) & Context:

• воспалительный - Used in clinical or biological descriptions, such as inflammatory diseases or responses; formal and precise in medical writing.

Usage Examples:

• У него диагностирован воспалительный процесс в суставах.

  He has been diagnosed with an inflammatory process in his joints.

• Воспалительный ответ организма помогает бороться с инфекцией.

  The inflammatory response of the body helps fight infection.

• Лекарство предназначено для подавления воспалительных симптомов.

  The medication is intended to suppress inflammatory symptoms.

• For 'разжигающий' in figurative context: Его речь была разжигающей, что вызвало протесты.

  His speech was inflammatory, which sparked protests.

• Разжигающие заявления в СМИ могут привести к социальным конфликтам.

  Inflammatory statements in the media can lead to social conflicts.

Figurative context (e.g., inciting or provocative)

Translation(s) & Context:

• разжигающий - Used for non-medical contexts, such as emotional or political discourse; informal and applicable in debates or media.

Usage Examples:

• Его разжигающие комментарии в интернете вызвали бурю негодования.

  His inflammatory comments on the internet sparked a storm of outrage.

• Разжигающая риторика политиков часто усугубляет напряженность.

  Inflammatory rhetoric from politicians often exacerbates tension.

• Эта книга содержит разжигающие идеи, которые могут повлиять на общественное мнение.

  This book contains inflammatory ideas that could influence public opinion.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'воспалительный' and 'разжигающий' are adjectives in Russian, which typically inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow standard patterns for agreement with nouns.

Note: These adjectives follow regular adjectival inflections in Russian. There are no irregular forms for these words, making them relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • воспалительный: инфекционный (infectious, but with overlap in medical contexts)
  • разжигающий: провоцирующий (provoking, often used in emotional contexts)
• Antonyms:
  • воспалительный: противовоспалительный (anti-inflammatory)
  • разжигающий: успокаивающий (calming, in figurative contexts)

Related Phrases:

• Воспалительный процесс - Refers to the inflammatory process in medical contexts.
• Разжигающая речь - Describes inflammatory speech or rhetoric in social discussions.
• Воспалительные заболевания - Means inflammatory diseases, commonly used in health-related conversations.
• Разжигающие факторы - Indicates factors that incite or provoke, such as in conflict resolution.

Usage Notes:

'Воспалительный' directly corresponds to the medical sense of 'inflammatory' in English and should be used in formal, scientific writing. Avoid it in everyday casual talk. For 'разжигающий', it's a good match for figurative uses like inflammatory language, but choose it based on context—it's more dynamic and emotional. Grammatically, always ensure adjective agreement with the noun's gender, number, and case. When deciding between translations, opt for 'воспалительный' in health-related scenarios and 'разжигающий' for social or political ones to maintain precision.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'воспалительный' in non-medical contexts, e.g., saying "воспалительный спор" instead of "разжигающий спор".
  Correct: "Разжигающий спор" means an inflammatory argument; explanation: 'Воспалительный' implies a physical inflammation, which can confuse listeners.
• Mistake: Forgetting adjective inflections, e.g., using "воспалительный" with a feminine noun without changing to "воспалительная".
  Correct: Say "воспалительная реакция"; explanation: Russian requires agreement, so mismatched forms sound ungrammatical to native speakers.
• Mistake: Pronouncing the stress incorrectly in 'воспалительный'.
  Correct: Stress on "li"; explanation: Incorrect stress can lead to misunderstandings or make the word harder to recognize.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and media, words like 'разжигающий' are often linked to discussions of censorship and free speech, especially in the context of laws against "inciting hatred" (e.g., related to historical events like the Great Patriotic War). This reflects a broader sensitivity to inflammatory rhetoric in public discourse, influenced by Russia's history of political upheaval.

Related Concepts:

• инфекционный
• провоцирующий
• иммунный
• социальный конфликт