Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'inflamed'

English Word: inflamed

Key Russian Translations:

• воспаленный [vɐspɐˈlʲenːɨj] - [Formal, Medical context]
• возбужденный [vəzbʊˈʐʲenːɨj] - [Informal, Metaphorical or emotional context]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and everyday language, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of medical terminology or emotional expressions, suitable for learners with intermediate Russian skills. For 'воспаленный', it's B2; for 'возбужденный', it could be B1 if used metaphorically.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

воспаленный: [vɐspɐˈlʲenːɨj]

возбужденный: [vəzbʊˈʐʲenːɨj]

Note on воспаленный: The stress falls on the third syllable ('lʲen'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the palatalized 'l'. Pronounce it with a soft, flowing sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Medical Sense (e.g., referring to inflammation in the body)

Translation(s) & Context:

• воспаленный - Used in formal medical contexts, such as describing swollen or infected tissue.

Usage Examples:

• У меня воспалена нога после укуса насекомого.

  My leg is inflamed after the insect bite.

• Врач сказал, что у нее воспалены гланды.

  The doctor said her tonsils are inflamed.

• Если глаз воспален, нужно немедленно обратиться к специалисту.

  If the eye is inflamed, you need to see a specialist immediately.

• Воспаленная рана может привести к инфекции.

  An inflamed wound can lead to infection.

Metaphorical Sense (e.g., emotionally agitated or excited)

Translation(s) & Context:

• возбужденный - Used in informal contexts to describe heightened emotions, such as anger or excitement.

Usage Examples:

• После новости он был возбужден и не мог успокоиться.

  After the news, he was inflamed (excited) and couldn't calm down.

• Ее речь возбудила толпу на митинге.

  Her speech inflamed the crowd at the rally.

• Возбужденные дебаты продолжались всю ночь.

  The inflamed (heated) debates went on all night.

• Он всегда становится возбужденным во время спортивных событий.

  He always gets inflamed (excited) during sports events.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'воспаленный' and 'возбужденный' are adjectives in Russian, which inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow regular patterns for most cases.

These adjectives are regular and change endings according to Russian grammatical rules. If the adjective is used predicatively, it may not inflect as strictly.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • воспаленный: воспалительный (vospalitelʹnyj) - often used in medical contexts; implies inflammatory process.
  • возбужденный: разгоряченный (razgoryachennyj) - suggests heated or passionate state; common in emotional descriptions.
• Antonyms:
  • воспаленный: здоровый (zdorovyj) - healthy, opposite in medical sense.
  • возбужденный: спокойный (spokojnyj) - calm, opposite in emotional sense.

Related Phrases:

• воспаленный аппендикс - Inflamed appendix (a common medical phrase referring to appendicitis).
• возбужденная речь - Inflamed (excited) speech (used for passionate oratory in debates or rallies).
• воспаленное горло - Inflamed throat (typically in the context of sore throat or tonsillitis).

Usage Notes:

'Inflamed' translates to 'воспаленный' in medical contexts, which is a direct and formal equivalent, often used in healthcare settings. For metaphorical uses like emotional agitation, 'возбужденный' is more appropriate and informal. Be mindful of context: in Russian, adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify, which differs from English. Choose 'воспаленный' for physical inflammation and 'возбужденный' for non-literal senses to ensure accurate communication.

• Grammar tip: Always inflect the adjective to match the noun (e.g., воспаленная рана for a feminine noun).
• Domain restriction: 'Воспаленный' is standard in formal writing, while 'возбужденный' fits casual conversations.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse the inflections, such as using 'воспаленный' without changing it for feminine nouns (e.g., saying 'воспаленный рана' instead of 'воспаленная рана'). Correct usage: 'воспаленная рана' – The adjective must agree in gender. Another error is confusing 'возбужденный' with 'возбуждающий' (exciting, as in stimulating), which has a different connotation. Example of error: "Он был возбуждающий" (wrong, implies he is exciting something); Correct: "Он был возбужденный" for "He was inflamed/excited".

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, medical terms like 'воспаленный' are straightforward and widely used in everyday health discussions, reflecting a society with accessible healthcare. However, metaphorical uses like 'возбужденный' in emotional contexts may carry a more intense connotation in Russian literature or rhetoric, as seen in works by authors like Dostoevsky, where emotional 'inflammation' symbolizes inner turmoil.

Related Concepts:

• инфекция (infektsiya) - infection
• воспаление (vospaleniye) - inflammation
• эмоциональный (emotsionalʹnyj) - emotional