Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'industry'

English Word: industry

Key Russian Translations:

• промышленность [prəˈmʲiʂlʲɪnəsʲtʲ] - [Formal, used in economic or business contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in professional, academic, and news contexts, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate level; requires understanding of Russian noun declensions and formal vocabulary, per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

промышленность: [prəˈmʲiʂlʲɪnəsʲtʲ]

Note on промышленность: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("shlʲɪ"), and the "ш" sound is a voiceless postalveolar fricative, which may be challenging for English speakers. Pronounce it with a soft "l" in "shlʲ".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A particular form or branch of economic or commercial activity, often involving manufacturing or production.

Translation(s) & Context:

• промышленность - Used in formal settings like business reports, economic discussions, or academic texts to refer to sectors such as manufacturing or heavy industry.

Usage Examples:

• В России развивается нефтяная промышленность, которая играет ключевую роль в экономике.

  In Russia, the oil industry is developing, which plays a key role in the economy.

• Мировая промышленность сталкивается с вызовами из-за климатических изменений.

  The global industry is facing challenges due to climate change.

• Эта компания инвестирует в легкую промышленность, такую как текстильное производство.

  This company is investing in light industry, such as textile production.

• Правительство поддерживает рост тяжелой промышленности для модернизации инфраструктуры.

  The government is supporting the growth of heavy industry for infrastructure modernization.

• В эпоху цифровизации промышленность переходит на новые технологии, включая ИИ.

  In the digital age, industry is shifting to new technologies, including AI.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Промышленность" is a feminine third-declension noun in Russian. It follows standard patterns for feminine nouns ending in -ость, which are invariable in plural form but change according to case in singular. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: The plural forms are used less frequently, as "промышленность" often refers to industries in a general sense. It does not have irregular inflections.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • производство (production; more focused on manufacturing processes)
  • сектор (sector; used in broader economic contexts, e.g., for service industries)
• Antonyms:
  • сельское хозяйство (agriculture; contrasts with industrial activity)
  • услуги (services; refers to non-manufacturing sectors)

Related Phrases:

• Тяжелая промышленность - Heavy industry (refers to large-scale manufacturing like steel or machinery).
• Легкая промышленность - Light industry (typically smaller-scale, such as textiles or food processing).
• Промышленный рост - Industrial growth (used in economic discussions to indicate expansion).

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "промышленность" directly corresponds to the English "industry" in formal contexts but is more commonly used for manufacturing or production sectors. It is typically employed in written or professional speech rather than casual conversation. When choosing between translations, use "промышленность" for broad economic references; for more specific branches, pair it with adjectives (e.g., "нефтяная промышленность" for oil industry). Be mindful of grammatical gender: as a feminine noun, it requires feminine agreement in adjectives and verbs (e.g., "эта промышленность развивается"). Avoid direct word-for-word translation; instead, consider the context to ensure accurate nuance.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "промышленность" interchangeably with "бизнес" (business), leading to incorrect phrasing like "Моя промышленность процветает" instead of "Мой бизнес процветает".

  Correct: "Промышленность" specifically refers to industrial sectors, not general business. Use "промышленность" only for manufacturing contexts, e.g., "Развитие промышленности" (Development of industry).

  Explanation: English learners often confuse it with broader economic terms; always check the context to differentiate from "бизнес" or "экономика".

• Error: Incorrect inflection, such as using the nominative form in all cases, e.g., "Я работаю в промышленность" instead of "Я работаю в промышленности".

  Correct: Use the prepositional case: "в промышленности".

  Explanation: Russian requires case agreement; this mistake can make sentences grammatically incorrect and hard to understand.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and history, "промышленность" is often linked to the Soviet era's emphasis on heavy industry as a symbol of national strength and modernization. For instance, phrases like "промышленный гигант" (industrial giant) evoke pride in Russia's manufacturing legacy, such as in cities like Magnitogorsk. This cultural connotation can add a layer of historical significance when used in modern contexts, reflecting Russia's ongoing efforts to balance industrial growth with environmental concerns.

Related Concepts:

• экономика (economy)
• технологии (technologies)
• производство (production)