Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'incubation'

English Word: incubation

Key Russian Translations:

• инкубация /ɪnkuˈbat͡sɨjə/ - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, medical, and biological contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with technical vocabulary and basic Russian grammar, as it involves nominal inflections.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

инкубация: /ɪnkuˈbat͡sɨjə/

Note on инкубация: The stress falls on the third syllable ("ba"), and the "ц" sound is a voiceless alveolar affricate, which may be challenging for English speakers. Pronounce it with a soft "ts" as in "tsar".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Biological or Medical Process (e.g., the development of eggs or pathogens)

Translation(s) & Context:

• инкубация - Used in formal scientific contexts, such as biology or medicine, to describe controlled environments for growth or development.

Usage Examples:

• В инкубаторе поддерживается оптимальная температура для инкубации яиц. (V inkubatore podderzhivaetsya optimal'naya temperatura dlya inkubatsii yayts.)

  In the incubator, an optimal temperature is maintained for the incubation of eggs.

• Инкубация вируса может занять несколько дней, прежде чем появятся симптомы. (Inkubatsiya virusa mozhet zanayat' neskol'ko dney, prezhde chem poyavyatsya simptomy.)

  The incubation of the virus can take several days before symptoms appear.

• В лаборатории изучают процесс инкубации бактерий в контролируемых условиях. (V laboratorii izuchayut protsess inkubatsii bakteriy v kontrolirovannykh usloviyakh.)

  In the laboratory, they study the process of incubating bacteria under controlled conditions.

• Инкубация идей в творческой среде помогает инновациям. (Inkubatsiya idey v tvorcheskoy srede pomogaet innovatsiyam.)

  The incubation of ideas in a creative environment helps innovations. (Metaphorical use, extending to non-biological contexts.)

Metaphorical or Business Context (e.g., development of ideas or projects)

Translation(s) & Context:

• инкубация - Applied in informal or professional settings, such as business or innovation, to mean nurturing early-stage ideas.

Usage Examples:

• Инкубация стартапа включает поддержку от инвесторов. (Inkubatsiya startapa vklyuchaet podderzhku ot investorov.)

  Incubation of a startup includes support from investors.

• В этой программе фокусируются на инкубации креативных проектов. (V etoy programme fokusiruyutsya na inkubatsii kreativnykh proyektov.)

  This program focuses on the incubation of creative projects.

• Инкубация новых технологий требует времени и ресурсов. (Inkubatsiya novykh tekhnologiy trebujet vremeni i resursov.)

  Incubation of new technologies requires time and resources.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Инкубация" is a feminine noun in the first declension group. It follows standard Russian nominal inflections for case, number, and gender. As a borrowed word, it has regular patterns without irregularities.

Note: This word does not change in form for verbs, as it is primarily nominal. If used in derived forms, such as adjectives (e.g., инкубационный), consult specific adjectival inflections.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: инкубирование (inkubirovanie) - More process-oriented, often used interchangeably in scientific contexts; вынашивание (vynashivanie) - For metaphorical idea development, implying nurturing.
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as this is a process term. However, in a broad sense, прекращение (prekrashchenie) - meaning cessation or termination.

Related Phrases:

• Инкубационный период - The incubation period (e.g., in diseases); refers to the time between exposure and symptoms.
• Инкубатор идей - Idea incubator; a metaphorical phrase for environments fostering innovation.
• Процесс инкубации - The process of incubation; used in scientific or business contexts to describe development stages.

Usage Notes:

"Инкубация" directly corresponds to the English "incubation" in scientific and metaphorical contexts, but it is more commonly used in formal Russian writing or speech. Be mindful of the feminine gender when using it in sentences, as it affects adjective agreements (e.g., "длинная инкубация" for "long incubation"). In everyday Russian, prefer simpler terms if discussing non-technical topics. When choosing between translations, use "инкубация" for precise biological/medical scenarios and "вынашивание" for creative or business metaphors to better match nuance.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the word without proper case inflection, e.g., saying "в инкубация" instead of "в инкубации" (in the incubation).

  Correct: "В инкубации вируса" (In the incubation of the virus). Explanation: Russian requires the prepositional case for locations or states, so always adjust for context.

• Error: Confusing it with similar words like "инкубатор" (incubator), leading to misuse in sentences.

  Correct: "Инкубатор используется для инкубации" (The incubator is used for incubation). Explanation: "Инкубатор" is the device, while "инкубация" is the process; ensure clear distinction to avoid redundancy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and science, "инкубация" is often associated with advancements in biology and medicine, reflecting Russia's historical emphasis on scientific research (e.g., in the Soviet era). It may carry connotations of patience and controlled development, symbolizing broader themes in Russian literature and philosophy, such as the gradual unfolding of ideas in works by authors like Tolstoy.

Related Concepts:

• инкубатор
• вирус
• инновация
• развитие