Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'hypnotism'

English Word: hypnotism

Key Russian Translations:

• гипноз [/ɡʲɪpˈnoz/] - [Formal, used in scientific and medical contexts]
• гипнотизм [/ɡʲɪpˈno.tɨzm/] - [Formal, less common, often in historical or philosophical discussions]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in psychology, medical, and educational texts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves specialized vocabulary; for 'гипноз', it's straightforward for learners at this level, while 'гипнотизм' may require C1 for nuanced understanding)

Pronunciation (Russian):

гипноз: /ɡʲɪpˈnoz/

гипнотизм: /ɡʲɪpˈno.tɨzm/

Note on гипноз: The initial 'г' is palatalized (as in 'yes' in English), which can be challenging for beginners; stress is on the second syllable.

Note on гипнотизм: Similar palatalization, but the ending '-изм' is pronounced with a soft 'z' sound; variations may occur in rapid speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The practice of inducing a trance-like state for therapeutic or entertainment purposes.

Translation(s) & Context:

• гипноз - Used in formal medical or psychological contexts, such as therapy sessions or scientific discussions.
• гипнотизм - Applied in historical or philosophical contexts, often referring to the broader theory of hypnosis as developed by figures like Mesmer.

Usage Examples:

• Врач использовал гипноз для лечения пациента от фобий.

  The doctor used hypnotism to treat the patient from phobias.

• Гипнотизм был популярен в XIX веке как метод лечения нервных расстройств.

  Hypnotism was popular in the 19th century as a method for treating nervous disorders.

• Она изучает гипноз в контексте современной психологии.

  She is studying hypnotism in the context of modern psychology.

• Гипноз может помочь в борьбе со стрессом, но требует профессионального руководства.

  Hypnotism can help in fighting stress, but it requires professional guidance.

• В шоу на сцене демонстрация гипнотизма часто вызывает удивление у зрителей.

  In stage shows, the demonstration of hypnotism often amazes the audience.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'гипноз' and 'гипнотизм' are masculine nouns in Russian. 'Гипноз' follows the third declension pattern for masculine nouns, while 'гипнотизм' is invariable in most forms due to its suffix. Below is a table for 'гипноз' inflections; 'гипнотизм' has minimal changes as it is often used in singular nominative form.

For 'гипнотизм', it remains mostly unchanged: Nominative singular is 'гипнотизм', Genitive is 'гипнотизма', and it does not typically form a plural in standard usage.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • месмеризм - Similar historical connotation, often interchangeable in philosophical contexts.
  • суггестия - Focuses on suggestion-based techniques, with subtle differences in application.
• Antonyms:
  • бодрствование - Refers to wakefulness or alertness, contrasting the trance state.
  • осознание - Implies full consciousness, opposing the subconscious focus of hypnotism.

Related Phrases:

• глубокий гипноз - Deep hypnotism; a profound trance state used in advanced therapy.
• самогипноз - Self-hypnotism; a technique for personal relaxation or self-improvement.
• гipноз на сцене - Stage hypnotism; entertainment performances involving hypnosis.

Usage Notes:

'Гипноз' directly corresponds to the core meaning of 'hypnotism' in English and is preferred in modern Russian for clinical or educational contexts. Use 'гипнотизм' when discussing historical origins, as it carries a more archaic tone. Be mindful of the formal register; avoid in casual conversations. Grammatically, as a masculine noun, it pairs with appropriate adjectives and verbs, e.g., 'глубокий гипноз' (deep hypnotism). When choosing between translations, opt for 'гипноз' for everyday learning scenarios and 'гипнотизм' for academic depth.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'гипноз' with 'гипнозис' (a non-existent word). Correct: Use 'гипноз' as the standard term. Example of error: *Я практикую гипнозис* (incorrect). Correct: Я практикую гипноз. Explanation: 'Гипнозис' is a common misspelling influenced by English; stick to 'гипноз' for accuracy.

• Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., using 'гипноза' in nominative case. Correct: Ensure proper case agreement, as in 'Изучение гипноза полезно' (Studying hypnotism is useful). Explanation: Russian nouns change based on case, so learners must practice declensions to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'гипноз' is often associated with Soviet-era psychology, where it was explored for therapeutic purposes in institutions like those influenced by Pavlov's work. It carries a connotation of scientific legitimacy rather than mysticism, unlike in some Western contexts, reflecting Russia's emphasis on empirical psychology.

Related Concepts:

• психология
• медитация
• суггестивная терапия