Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'hydrocarbon'

English Word: hydrocarbon

Key Russian Translations:

• углеводород /uɡlʲɪvɐdɐˈrod/ - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, technical, and academic contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with scientific vocabulary and basic Russian grammar, suitable for learners with some exposure to technical Russian)

Pronunciation (Russian):

углеводород: /uɡlʲɪvɐdɐˈrod/

Note on углеводород: The stress falls on the third syllable (-'rod). Pronunciation can vary slightly by region, with a potential softening of the 'л' in some dialects, making it more palatalized.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A chemical compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

Translation(s) & Context:

• углеводород - Used in formal scientific discussions, such as chemistry, geology, or environmental science, to refer to organic compounds like methane or benzene.

Usage Examples:

• В нефти содержится множество углеводородов, которые используются в промышленности.

  In oil, there are many hydrocarbons that are used in industry.

• Углеводороды являются основой для синтеза полимеров и пластиков.

  Hydrocarbons form the basis for the synthesis of polymers and plastics.

• Изучение углеводородов помогает понять процессы глобального потепления.

  Studying hydrocarbons helps understand global warming processes.

• В лаборатории мы анализируем углеводороды из образцов почвы.

  In the laboratory, we analyze hydrocarbons from soil samples.

• Некоторые углеводороды, такие как этан, являются побочными продуктами нефтепереработки.

  Some hydrocarbons, such as ethane, are byproducts of oil refining.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Углеводород" is a masculine noun (мужской род) in Russian and follows the standard patterns of third-declension nouns. It inflects based on case and number, with no irregularities. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: This word does not change in gender or have verbal forms, as it is a noun.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: органическое соединение (more general term for organic compounds), алкан (specific to alkanes), алкен (specific to alkenes) - Note: "Алкан" is used for saturated hydrocarbons, while "алкен" applies to unsaturated ones, offering more precision in scientific contexts.
• Antonyms: неорганическое соединение (inorganic compound) - This contrasts by excluding carbon-based structures.

Related Phrases:

• нефтяной углеводород - Oil-based hydrocarbon; refers to hydrocarbons derived from petroleum, commonly used in energy discussions.
• ароматический углеводород - Aromatic hydrocarbon; used in chemistry to describe compounds like benzene, with applications in industrial processes.
• синтетический углеводород - Synthetic hydrocarbon; indicates man-made hydrocarbons, often in the context of chemical engineering or environmental science.

Usage Notes:

"Углеводород" directly corresponds to the English "hydrocarbon" in scientific contexts, emphasizing its role in chemistry and environmental studies. It is typically used in formal or academic settings, so avoid it in casual conversation. When choosing translations, opt for "углеводород" for general references, but specify subtypes like "алкан" for accuracy. Grammatically, ensure correct case agreement with accompanying words, such as in prepositional phrases (e.g., "в углеводороде" for "in the hydrocarbon").

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "углеводород" with "углевод" (carbohydrate, a biological term). Incorrect: "Вода содержит углевод" (meaning water contains a carbohydrate, which is wrong). Correct: "Вода не содержит углеводородов" (Water does not contain hydrocarbons). Explanation: These are distinct chemical terms; "углевод" relates to sugars, while "углеводород" is for carbon-hydrogen compounds.

• Error: Incorrect inflection, such as using the nominative in all cases. Incorrect: "О углеводород" (instead of "Об углеводороде" in prepositional case). Correct: "Об углеводороде в нефти" (About the hydrocarbon in oil). Explanation: Always match the case to the sentence structure to avoid grammatical errors in Russian.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and science, "углеводород" is prominently featured in discussions of Russia's vast oil and gas resources, which have historically shaped the economy and geopolitics. For instance, hydrocarbons from Siberia are central to national identity and global energy markets, symbolizing both industrial prowess and environmental challenges.

Related Concepts:

• алкан
• алкен
• ароматическое соединение
• нефть