housebound
Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'housebound'
English Word: housebound
Key Russian Translations:
- прикованный к дому [prɪkɐ'vanːɨj k dɐ'mu] - [Formal, often used in medical or descriptive contexts]
- невыездной [nʲɪ'vʲeɪzdoj] - [Formal, implying legal or health-related restrictions]
Frequency: Medium (This term and its translations are not everyday vocabulary but appear in discussions about health, disabilities, or personal circumstances in Russian media and literature.)
Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding compound phrases and contextual usage; for 'прикованный к дому', it's straightforward for learners familiar with adjectives, while 'невыездной' may require knowledge of legal terminology.)
Pronunciation (Russian):
прикованный к дому: [prɪkɐ'vanːɨj k dɐ'mu]
невыездной: [nʲɪ'vʲeɪzdoj]
Note on прикованный к дому: The stress falls on the second syllable of 'прикованный' (pri-KO-van-nyj), which can be tricky for beginners due to the consonant clusters; pronounce it smoothly without pauses.
Audio: []
Meanings and Usage:
Meaning 1: Confined to one's home, typically due to illness, disability, or external factors
Translation(s) & Context:
- прикованный к дому - Used in formal or empathetic descriptions, such as in medical reports or personal stories, to emphasize physical or health limitations.
- невыездной - Applied in contexts involving legal restrictions, like travel bans, but can extend to health-related confinement.
Usage Examples:
-
Из-за хронической болезни она стала прикованной к дому и редко выходила на улицу.
Due to her chronic illness, she became housebound and rarely went outside.
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После операции grandfather был невыездным на несколько недель, чтобы избежать осложнений.
After the surgery, grandfather was housebound for several weeks to avoid complications.
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В период пандемии многие люди чувствовали себя прикованными к дому из-за карантина.
During the pandemic, many people felt housebound due to quarantine.
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Её возраст и проблемы со здоровьем сделали её невыездной, но она сохраняет оптимизм.
Her age and health issues made her housebound, but she remains optimistic.
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Прикованный к дому из-за снежной бури, он провёл день за чтением книг.
Housebound due to a snowstorm, he spent the day reading books.
Russian Forms/Inflections:
The primary translations are phrases involving adjectives or adjectives with nouns, which inflect based on Russian grammar rules. 'Прикованный' is a past passive participle/adjective that agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. 'Невыездной' is an adjective that also inflects.
| Form | прикованный к дому (examples) | невыездной (examples) |
|---|---|---|
| Masculine Singular Nominative | прикованный к дому (e.g., Он прикованный к дому.) | невыездной (e.g., Он невыездной.) |
| Feminine Singular Nominative | прикованная к дому (e.g., Она прикованная к дому.) | невыездная (e.g., Она невыездная.) |
| Neuter Singular Nominative | прикованное к дому (e.g., Оно прикованное к дому.) | невыездное (e.g., Оно невыездное.) |
| Plural Nominative | прикованные к дому (e.g., Они прикованные к дому.) | невыездные (e.g., Они невыездные.) |
| Other Cases (e.g., Genitive) | прикованного к дому (e.g., Из-за прикованного к дому состояния) | невыездного (e.g., В случае невыездного статуса) |
Note: These forms are regular for Russian adjectives. The phrase 'к дому' remains unchanged as it's a prepositional phrase.
Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:
- Synonyms:
- сидящий дома (sitting at home; more informal and literal)
- заключенный в четырех стенах (confined within four walls; emphasizes isolation)
- Antonyms:
- свободный (free; implies no restrictions)
- мобильный (mobile; suggests ability to move freely)
Related Phrases:
- прикованный к постели - Literally "bedridden"; used for someone confined to bed, often due to severe illness. (This extends the concept of being housebound to immobility.)
- не покидающий дом - "Not leaving the house"; a more neutral phrase for self-imposed or temporary confinement.
- под домашним арестом - "Under house arrest"; implies legal enforcement, similar to being housebound by authority.
Usage Notes:
'Housebound' directly corresponds to phrases like 'прикованный к дому' in Russian, which are best used in formal or empathetic contexts, such as health discussions. Choose 'прикованный к дому' for physical health-related scenarios and 'невыездной' for legal ones. Be mindful of gender and case agreements in Russian sentences. In everyday speech, Russians might opt for simpler expressions to avoid sounding overly dramatic.
- Always pair the adjective with a noun or context for clarity.
- In writing, these phrases can carry emotional weight, so use them sensitively.
Common Errors:
English learners often misuse gender agreements, such as saying 'прикованный к дому' for a female subject without changing to 'прикованная'. Correct: Use 'прикованная к дому' for females. Error example: "Она прикованный к дому" (incorrect); Correct: "Она прикованная к дому". Another common mistake is confusing it with 'прикованный к постели', which is more specific to bedridden states—use the latter only if immobility is exact.
Cultural Notes:
In Russian culture, terms like 'прикованный к дому' often evoke empathy and community support, as seen in literature and media discussing health challenges. Historically, during Soviet times, 'невыездной' was linked to state restrictions on travel, adding a layer of political connotation that might not directly align with the English 'housebound' but influences its usage today.
Related Concepts:
- инвалид (disabled person)
- карантин (quarantine)
- домашний арест (house arrest)