Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'hominid'

English Word: hominid

Key Russian Translations:

• Гоминид (/ɡə.mʲɪˈnʲid/) - [Formal, Scientific, Singular]

Frequency: Medium (Primarily used in scientific, academic, or anthropological contexts; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1) - Requires familiarity with biological and evolutionary terminology; suitable for learners with strong vocabulary in science.

Pronunciation (Russian):

Гоминид: /ɡə.mʲɪˈnʲid/ (The stress is on the third syllable; the "г" is pronounced as a voiced velar fricative, similar to the "g" in "go", but softer in Russian.)

Note on Гоминид: Pronunciation may vary slightly by region; in standard Russian, the palatalized "мʲ" and "нʲ" sounds can be challenging for non-native speakers. Focus on the vowel reductions in unstressed syllables.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A member of the biological family Hominidae, including modern humans and their extinct ancestors or relatives.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Гоминид - Used in formal scientific discussions about human evolution, such as in anthropology or biology textbooks. Context: Academic writing or lectures on paleoanthropology.

Usage Examples:

• В эволюционной биологии гоминиды представляют собой группу приматов, которая включает людей и их предков.

  In evolutionary biology, hominids represent a group of primates that includes humans and their ancestors.

• Археологи обнаружили окаменелости гоминидов, которые датируются миллионами лет.

  Archaeologists discovered fossils of hominids that date back millions of years.

• Гоминиды развивались в Африке, адаптируясь к изменениям окружающей среды.

  Hominids evolved in Africa, adapting to changes in the environment.

• Современные гоминиды, такие как Homo sapiens, доминируют в экосистемах благодаря своему интеллекту.

  Modern hominids, such as Homo sapiens, dominate ecosystems due to their intelligence.

• Изучение гоминидов помогает понять, как эволюция повлияла на развитие языка и инструментов.

  Studying hominids helps understand how evolution influenced the development of language and tools.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Гоминид" is a masculine noun in Russian, following the standard second declension pattern for borrowed words. It inflects regularly based on case and number. Below is a table of its basic inflections:

Note: As a borrowed scientific term, it does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are mastered.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Человекообразный (slightly broader, referring to ape-like creatures; used in less formal contexts)
  • Антропоид (more general term for human-like primates)
• Antonyms:
  • Неандерталец (refers to Neanderthals, which are a type of hominid, but can contrast in specific evolutionary discussions)
  • Животное (general term for non-human animals, emphasizing the distinction from human ancestors)

Related Phrases:

• Эволюция гоминидов - Refers to the evolution of hominids; used in discussions about human origins.
• Окаменелости гоминидов - Fossils of hominids; common in archaeological contexts.
• Гоминиды Африки - Hominids of Africa; highlights the African origin of human evolution.

Usage Notes:

"Гоминид" directly corresponds to the English "hominid" in scientific contexts, but it is primarily used in formal or academic settings. English speakers should note that Russian often requires the appropriate case for grammatical agreement, such as in prepositional phrases (e.g., "об эволюции гоминидов"). Avoid using it in casual conversation, as it may sound overly technical. When choosing between synonyms like "человекообразный," opt for "гоминид" for precision in biological discussions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "гоминид" with "hominin" (a more specific subset in English). Incorrect: "Гоминин включает людей" (This mixes terms).
  Correct: Use "гоминид" for the broader family and specify if needed, e.g., "Гоминиды включают гомининов." Explanation: "Hominin" translates to "гоминин," so learners must distinguish these in evolutionary taxonomy to avoid inaccuracy.

• Error: Incorrect declension, e.g., using nominative in all cases. Incorrect: "О гоминид" (should be genitive).
  Correct: "О гоминиде" in prepositional case. Explanation: Russian nouns change based on sentence role; always check the case for proper grammar.

Cultural Notes:

The term "гоминид" is deeply tied to Russia's interest in anthropology and human evolution, influenced by Soviet-era research on fossils like those from the Denisova Cave. It carries connotations of human progress and adaptation, reflecting broader cultural narratives about humanity's place in nature, often explored in Russian literature and science education.

Related Concepts:

• Антропология
• Эволюция
• Палеонтология