Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'exploit'

English Word: exploit

Key Russian Translations:

• использовать (ispolʹzovatʹ) - [General, Verb, Commonly used in everyday contexts]
• эксплуатировать (ɛksplu̯ataˈtsɨjə) - [Formal, Verb, Often implies unfair use or negative connotation]
• эксплуатация (ɛksplu̯ataˈtsɨjə) - [Formal, Noun, Used in professional or technical discussions]
• подвиг (pɐˈdvʲik) - [Informal to Formal, Noun, Specifically for 'exploit' meaning a heroic feat]

Frequency: Medium - 'Exploit' and its translations appear regularly in conversations, literature, and media, especially in business, technology, and historical contexts, but not as common as basic verbs like 'to do' or 'to go'.

Difficulty: B1-B2 - Intermediate level per CEFR; requires understanding of verb conjugations and noun declensions. For 'использовать', it's B1; for 'эксплуатация', it's B2 due to its formal usage and potential for nuanced connotations.

Pronunciation (Russian):

использовать: ispolʹzovatʹ (IPA: ɪspɐˈlʲuzəvətʲ)

эксплуатировать: ɛksplu̯ataˈtsɨjə (IPA: ɛksplu̯ataˈtsɨjə)

эксплуатация: ɛksplu̯ataˈtsɨjə (IPA: ɛksplu̯ataˈtsɨjə)

подвиг: pɐˈdvʲik (IPA: pɐˈdvʲik)

Note on эксплуатировать: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ('ta'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'л' sound; pronounce it with a clear 'y' glide as in 'yes'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To make use of something for advantage (Verb)

Translation(s) & Context:

• использовать - Used in neutral or positive contexts, such as exploiting resources efficiently in business or daily life.
• эксплуатировать - Applied in contexts involving unfair or excessive use, like labor exploitation in social discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Мы должны использовать все доступные ресурсы для проекта. (We should exploit all available resources for the project.)

  English: We should use all available resources for the project. (Shows neutral, practical usage in a work setting.)

• Компания эксплуатирует работников, заставляя их работать сверхурочно. (The company exploits its workers by making them work overtime.)

  English: The company exploits its workers by making them work overtime. (Illustrates negative connotation in labor contexts.)

• Он умеет использовать свои навыки в разных ситуациях. (He knows how to exploit his skills in various situations.)

  English: He knows how to use his skills in various situations. (Demonstrates versatile, everyday application.)

• Правительство планирует эксплуатировать природные ресурсы страны. (The government plans to exploit the country's natural resources.)

  English: The government plans to exploit the country's natural resources. (Highlights formal, policy-related usage.)

• В этом эксперименте мы будем использовать новые технологии. (In this experiment, we will exploit new technologies.)

  English: In this experiment, we will use new technologies. (Shows scientific or innovative context.)

Meaning 2: A bold or striking achievement (Noun)

Translation(s) & Context:

• подвиг - Used for heroic or extraordinary feats, often in historical or literary contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Его побег из тюрьмы стал настоящим подвигом. (His escape from prison was a real exploit.)

  English: His escape from prison was a real exploit. (Emphasizes bravery in a narrative context.)

• Этот подвиг воина навсегда вошел в историю. (This exploit of the warrior has gone down in history forever.)

  English: This exploit of the warrior has gone down in history forever. (Illustrates historical or epic usage.)

• Подвиг альпиниста покорил всех. (The mountaineer's exploit impressed everyone.)

  English: The mountaineer's exploit impressed everyone. (Shows adventurous, personal achievement.)

Meaning 3: The act of using resources, often negatively (Noun)

Translation(s) & Context:

• эксплуатация - Common in economic or social critiques, referring to systematic exploitation.

Usage Examples:

• Экологическая эксплуатация ресурсов приводит к катастрофам. (The exploitation of resources leads to environmental disasters.)

  English: The exploitation of resources leads to environmental disasters. (Focuses on ecological impact.)

• Экономическая эксплуатация рабочего класса была темой многих книг. (The exploitation of the working class was the theme of many books.)

  English: The exploitation of the working class was the theme of many books. (Highlights social inequality.)

• Эта эксплуатация природных ресурсов должна быть остановлена. (This exploitation of natural resources must be stopped.)

  English: This exploitation of natural resources must be stopped. (Urgent, advocacy-driven context.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For verbs like 'использовать' and 'эксплуатировать', these are first conjugation verbs with regular patterns. 'Подвиг' is a masculine noun with standard declensions. 'Эксплуатация' is a feminine noun.

Note: These verbs do not have irregular forms, making them straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • применять (priményatʹ) - Similar to 'использовать' but more about applying something practically.
  • воспользоваться (vospolʹzovatʹsya) - Synonym for 'использовать' in opportunistic contexts.
  • подвиг - Синоним: достижение (dostizheniye) - For heroic feats, but less emotional.
• Antonyms:
  • игнорировать (ignorírovatʹ) - Opposite of 'использовать', meaning to ignore.
  • защищать (zashchishchatʹ) - Antonym for 'эксплуатировать', implying protection against exploitation.

Related Phrases:

• Использовать в полную меру (Ispolʹzovatʹ v polnuyu meru) - To exploit to the fullest; means making maximum use of something.
• Экономическая эксплуатация (Ekonomicheskaya ekspluatatsiya) - Economic exploitation; refers to capitalist systems in critiques.
• Героический подвиг (Geroicheskiy podvig) - Heroic exploit; used in stories or history to denote bravery.

Usage Notes:

'Exploit' translates variably in Russian based on context: use 'использовать' for neutral or positive exploitation, 'эксплуатировать' for negative scenarios like labor issues, and 'подвиг' for achievements. Be cautious with formality—'эксплуатация' is more common in written or professional Russian. English speakers often confuse it with simple 'use', but Russian requires attention to aspect (e.g., perfective forms like 'воспользоваться' for completed actions). Choose the translation based on connotation to avoid misunderstandings.

Common Errors:

• Using 'использовать' interchangeably with 'эксплуатировать': Error - Я эксплуатирую ресурсы (intended neutral). Correct: Я использую ресурсы. Explanation: 'Эксплуатировать' implies negativity, so use 'использовать' for benign contexts to avoid offense.
• Misdeclining nouns: Error - В подвиг (incorrect genitive). Correct: В подвиге. Explanation: As a masculine noun, 'подвиг' changes in cases; learners must memorize declensions to fit sentence structure.
• Overusing in informal speech: Error - Using 'эксплуатация' casually. Correct: Stick to 'использовать' in everyday talk. Explanation: Formal words can sound awkward; adapt to context for natural fluency.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'подвиг' often evoke Soviet-era heroism, as seen in WWII narratives where individual exploits were glorified in propaganda. 'Эксплуатация' carries strong connotations from Marxist theory, influencing discussions on labor rights in modern Russia, reflecting historical anti-capitalist sentiments.

Related Concepts:

• ресурсы (resursy) - Resources
• достижение (dostizheniye) - Achievement
• труд (trud) - Labor