Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Exodus'

English Word: Exodus

Key Russian Translations:

• Исход [ɪsˈxot] - [Formal, Literary]

Frequency: Medium (Common in historical, literary, or news contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate - Requires understanding of Russian noun declensions and formal vocabulary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Исход: [ɪsˈxot]

Note on Исход: The stress is on the second syllable; the 'x' sound is a guttural fricative, which may be challenging for English speakers similar to the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A mass departure or migration, often with historical or biblical connotations

Translation(s) & Context:

• Исход - Used in formal, literary, or historical contexts to describe a large-scale exodus, such as in biblical references or modern migrations.

Usage Examples:

• Во время войны произошёл массовый исход населения из города.

  During the war, there was a mass exodus of the population from the city.

• Исход евреев из Египта описан в Библии как ключевой момент истории.

  The Exodus of the Jews from Egypt is described in the Bible as a key moment in history.

• Экономический кризис привёл к исходу квалифицированных специалистов за границу.

  The economic crisis led to an Exodus of qualified specialists abroad.

• В фильме показано исход беженцев через опасные горы.

  The film depicts the Exodus of refugees through dangerous mountains.

• Исторический исход народа стал символом свободы и борьбы.

  The historical Exodus of the people became a symbol of freedom and struggle.

Secondary Meaning: A journey or escape from a difficult situation

Translation(s) & Context:

• Исход - In metaphorical contexts, such as personal or emotional departures, often in literature or poetry.

Usage Examples:

• Её исход из токсичных отношений стал началом новой жизни.

  Her Exodus from toxic relationships marked the beginning of a new life.

• Исход из рутины ежедневных забот помог ему обрести вдохновение.

  The Exodus from the routine of daily worries helped him find inspiration.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Исход" is a masculine noun in Russian, belonging to the third declension. It follows standard patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant, with changes in cases and numbers. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: The plural form is less common and used for multiple instances of exodus events.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Уход (Uhod) - More general, meaning departure, often everyday.
  • Отъезд (Otъezd) - Specifically for leaving a place, like travel.
  • Эмиграция (Emigratsiya) - Implies permanent migration, with a focus on relocation.
• Antonyms:
  • Приход (Prikhod) - Arrival or coming.
  • Возвращение (Vozvrascheniye) - Return, opposite of a permanent departure.

Related Phrases:

• Массовый исход - Mass Exodus; Used for large-scale migrations, e.g., during conflicts.
• Библейский исход - Biblical Exodus; Refers specifically to the story in the Bible.
• Исход из кризиса - Exodus from crisis; Metaphorical for escaping difficult situations.

Usage Notes:

"Исход" directly corresponds to "Exodus" in English, particularly in historical or formal contexts, but it is more commonly used in literary or biblical discussions. It is a formal word, so avoid it in casual conversations; opt for simpler synonyms like "уход" for everyday use. Grammatically, as a masculine noun, it requires agreement in gender, number, and case with adjectives and verbs. When choosing between translations, use "исход" for events with significant historical weight, but consider context to avoid overuse in modern settings.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "исход" in the wrong case, e.g., saying "из исход" instead of "из исхода" in genitive contexts.
  Correct: "Из исхода евреев" (From the Exodus of the Jews). Explanation: Russian requires proper declension; always check the case based on the preposition or sentence structure.
• Mistake: Confusing it with "выход" (exit), which means a physical way out.
  Correct: Use "исход" for migrations, not "выход". Explanation: "Выход" is for literal exits, while "исход" implies a broader, often emotional or historical departure.
• Mistake: Forgetting plural forms in lists of events.
  Correct: "Исходы в истории" instead of "Исход в истории". Explanation: In plural, it becomes "исходы" to refer to multiple Exodus-like events.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "исход" often evokes the biblical story of the Exodus from Egypt, as depicted in Orthodox Christian traditions. It symbolizes liberation and divine intervention, frequently referenced in literature, art, and national narratives, such as in works by Russian authors like Tolstoy. This cultural depth makes it more than a simple word—it's a metaphor for resilience and change.

Related Concepts:

• Миграция (Migratsiya)
• Эмиграция (Emigratsiya)
• Беженцы (Bezhentsy)