Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'erroneous'

English Word: erroneous

Key Russian Translations:

• ошибочный [ɐʂɨˈboʧnɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• неверный [nʲɪˈvʲernɨj] - [Informal, Adjective]

Frequency: Medium (Common in written and academic contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective inflections and formal language structures)

Pronunciation (Russian):

ошибочный: [ɐʂɨˈboʧnɨj]

Note on ошибочный: The stress falls on the third syllable ("bo"), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to Russian's variable stress patterns. Ensure a soft "sh" sound (like in "measure").

Audio: []

неверный: [nʲɪˈvʲernɨj]

Note on неверный: The initial "nʲ" is a palatalized "n" sound, similar to the "n" in "news" but softer; stress is on the second syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Containing an error or mistake (e.g., in facts, theories, or judgments)

Translation(s) & Context:

• ошибочный - Used in formal, academic, or scientific contexts to describe something factually incorrect.
• неверный - Applied in everyday or informal situations, often implying a personal error or inaccuracy.

Usage Examples:

• Эта теория ошибочна, так как не учитывает новые данные.

  This theory is erroneous because it does not account for new data.

• В его отчёте есть ошибочные расчёты, которые могут повлиять на результаты.

  There are erroneous calculations in his report that could affect the results.

• Неверный пароль не позволит вам войти в систему.

  The erroneous password will not allow you to log into the system.

• Её неверные выводы основаны на устаревшей информации.

  Her erroneous conclusions are based on outdated information.

• О ошибочном диагнозе врача узнали только после дополнительных тестов.

  The doctor's erroneous diagnosis was only discovered after additional tests.

Meaning 2: Resulting from or marked by error (e.g., in reasoning or perception)

Translation(s) & Context:

• ошибочный - Often used in professional or intellectual discussions to denote flawed logic.
• неверный - More casual, for everyday mistakes in perception or judgment.

Usage Examples:

• Его ошибочное суждение о ситуации привело к конфлікту.

  His erroneous judgment about the situation led to a conflict.

• Неверное восприятие реальности может быть опасным.

  An erroneous perception of reality can be dangerous.

• О ошибочном мнении политика говорили в новостях.

  The politician's erroneous opinion was discussed in the news.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "ошибочный" and "неверный" are adjectives in Russian, which means they inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow a standard pattern for most cases, but they can be irregular in certain forms. Below is a table for "ошибочный" as an example; "неверный" follows similar rules.

For "неверный", the inflections are similar: e.g., Nominative Singular: неверный (m), неверная (f), неверное (n), неверные (pl). These adjectives do not have irregular forms, making them relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • неправильный (similar to неверный, but more neutral in tone)
  • ложный (implies deception, often used in contexts of falsehood)
• Antonyms:
  • правильный (correct or accurate)
  • верный (true or faithful)

Related Phrases:

• ошибочная информация - Erroneous information (used in contexts like news or data analysis)
• неверный шаг - A wrong step or misguided action (common in metaphorical expressions)
• ошибочный вывод - Erroneous conclusion (often in scientific or logical discussions)

Usage Notes:

"Ошибочный" is the more precise translation for "erroneous" in formal English contexts, such as academic writing, where accuracy and objectivity are key. Use "неверный" for everyday errors, like in casual conversations or personal mistakes. Be mindful of Russian adjective agreement: always match gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. For example, choose "ошибочный" over "неверный" when discussing intellectual errors to maintain a professional tone. If multiple translations apply, select based on context—formal vs. informal—to avoid sounding unnatural.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "ошибочный" in informal speech, which can sound overly stiff. Correct: Opt for "неверный" in casual contexts, e.g., instead of saying "Это ошибочный план" (This is an erroneous plan) in a friendly chat, say "Это неверный план" to sound more natural.

• Error: Forgetting adjective inflections, e.g., saying "о ошибочном дом" instead of "о ошибочном доме" (about the erroneous house). Correct: Always inflect properly, as in "о ошибочном доме", to maintain grammatical accuracy. This is a common pitfall for English speakers due to the lack of similar rules in English.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "ошибочный" often carry a connotation of intellectual or systemic failure, reflecting the historical emphasis on precision in Soviet-era science and education. For instance, in literature or media, such terms might critique bureaucratic errors, evoking themes of reliability and truth in a society that values collective accuracy.

Related Concepts:

• правильный
• ложный
• ошибка