Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'equipment'

English Word: equipment

Key Russian Translations:

• оборудование [ɐ.bɐ.ru.də.'va.nʲe] - [Neutral, Singular/Plural depending on context]
• снаряжение [snə.'ra.ʐə.nʲe] - [Formal, Often used in military or outdoor contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Commonly encountered in technical, industrial, or everyday contexts, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary like "house" or "car").

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of noun declensions and basic technical vocabulary in Russian, per CEFR standards).

Pronunciation (Russian):

оборудование: [ɐ.bɐ.ru.də.'va.nʲe]

снаряжение: [snə.'ra.ʐə.nʲe]

Note on оборудование: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ('va), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the rolling 'r' and soft 'nʲ'. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

General meaning: Tools, machinery, or apparatus used for a particular purpose.

Translation(s) & Context:

• оборудование - Used in contexts involving industrial or technical equipment, such as in factories or labs (e.g., in formal or professional settings).
• снаряжение - Applied to equipment for specific activities like sports or expeditions, often implying portability (e.g., in informal or adventure-related contexts).

Usage Examples:

• В лаборатории есть современное оборудование для проведения экспериментов.

  In the laboratory, there is modern equipment for conducting experiments.

• Туристы взяли с собой всё необходимое снаряжение для похода в горы.

  The tourists took all the necessary equipment for the mountain hike.

• Фабрика инвестировала в новое оборудование, чтобы повысить производительность.

  The factory invested in new equipment to increase productivity.

• Для ремонта автомобиля потребуется специальное оборудование из автосервиса.

  Special equipment from the auto service will be required for car repairs.

• Во время зимней экспедиции снаряжение включало лыжи и палки.

  During the winter expedition, the equipment included skis and poles.

Specialized meaning: Military or protective gear.

Translation(s) & Context:

• снаряжение - Common in military or safety contexts, emphasizing preparedness (e.g., in formal or urgent situations).

Usage Examples:

• Солдаты проверили своё снаряжение перед выездом на миссию.

  The soldiers checked their equipment before heading out on the mission.

• В экстренных ситуациях спасатели полагаются на надёжное оборудование.

  In emergency situations, rescuers rely on reliable equipment.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

оборудование is a neuter noun in Russian, which follows standard third-declension patterns. It is indeclinable in some contexts but typically changes based on case and number. снаряжение is also neuter and follows similar rules.

Note: These forms are regular, but in modern usage, plural forms may be less common for abstract or collective concepts.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • аппаратура (apparatura) - More specific to electronic or technical devices; often used interchangeably but with a tech focus.
  • инструменты (instrumenty) - For tools; implies handheld items rather than large-scale equipment.
• Antonyms:
  • недостаток (nedostatok) - Lack or shortage, implying the absence of equipment.
  • разрушение (razrusheniye) - Destruction, contrasting with functional equipment.

Related Phrases:

• Медицинское оборудование (Meditcinskoe oborudovanie) - Medical equipment; Refers to tools used in healthcare settings.
• Спасательное снаряжение (Spasatelnoe snaryazhenie) - Rescue equipment; Used in emergency response contexts.
• Промышленное оборудование (Promyshlennoe oborudovanie) - Industrial equipment; Common in manufacturing or factory discussions.

Usage Notes:

оборудование directly corresponds to "equipment" in neutral, everyday contexts, while снаряжение is better for gear in action-oriented scenarios. Be mindful of the noun's declension based on case (e.g., use genitive for possession). In formal writing, prefer оборудование for technical accuracy. When choosing between translations, consider the context: if it's static and industrial, use оборудование; for dynamic or personal use, opt for снаряжение.

• Always check the gender and case for proper agreement in sentences.
• In spoken Russian, these words are often used with adjectives to specify type (e.g., "новое оборудование" for "new equipment").

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse the declension of these nouns. For example, incorrectly using the nominative form in all cases: "Я имею оборудование" instead of the correct genitive in some contexts like "Я имею хорошее оборудование" (which is fine), but errors occur in phrases like "без оборудования" where genitive is required. Correct usage: Use "без оборудования" for "without equipment," not "без оборудование." Another error is overusing снаряжение for general equipment, which can sound out of place; stick to its adventure/military connotations to avoid misuse.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like оборудование and снаряжение often appear in contexts influenced by the country's industrial history, such as in Soviet-era manufacturing or modern outdoor traditions like hiking in the vast Russian wilderness. This reflects a cultural emphasis on practicality and endurance, where equipment is not just tools but symbols of preparation for harsh environments.

Related Concepts:

• инструмент (instrument)
• аппарат (apparat)
• техника (tekhnika)