Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'emotional'

English Word: emotional

Key Russian Translations:

• эмоциональный /ɛ.mɐ.t͡sɨ.ɐˈnalʲ.nɨj/ - [Formal, Adjective; used in general contexts to describe something related to emotions]
• эмоционально /ɛ.mɐ.t͡sɨ.ɐˈnalʲ.nə/ - [Informal, Adverb; used to describe actions or states involving strong emotions]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its forms are commonly encountered in everyday Russian conversations, literature, and media, but not as basic as everyday nouns.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; involves understanding adjective inflections and nuances, suitable for learners with basic grammar knowledge. For 'эмоционально', it may be slightly easier at A2 due to its adverbial form.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

эмоциональный: /ɛ.mɐ.t͡sɨ.ɐˈnalʲ.nɨj/

эмоционально: /ɛ.mɐ.t͡sɨ.ɐˈnalʲ.nə/

Note on эмоциональный: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ('nalʲ'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the Russian palatalized 'l' sound. Pronounce it with a soft, flowing rhythm.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Related to or characterized by emotions (e.g., expressing feelings strongly)

Translation(s) & Context:

• эмоциональный - Used in formal or descriptive contexts, such as psychology or literature, to describe people, events, or situations involving deep feelings.
• эмоционально - Applied in informal settings, like conversations about personal experiences, to indicate an emotional manner.

Usage Examples:

• Его речь была очень эмоциональной, и она тронула всех в аудитории.

  His speech was very emotional, and it touched everyone in the audience.

• Она отреагировала эмоционально на новости о потере работы.

  She reacted emotionally to the news about losing her job.

• В фильме эмоциональный момент, когда герои встречаются после долгой разлуки.

  In the film, there's an emotional moment when the characters reunite after a long separation.

• Эмоционально заряженная музыка помогает выразить внутренние переживания.

  Emotionally charged music helps express inner experiences.

• Он эмоционально описал свои детские воспоминания во время интервью.

  He emotionally described his childhood memories during the interview.

Meaning 2: Excessively sensitive or prone to emotional outbursts

Translation(s) & Context:

• эмоциональный - Used in contexts implying instability, such as in psychology or casual criticism, often with a negative connotation.

Usage Examples:

• Её эмоциональный характер иногда мешает в профессиональной среде.

  Her emotional nature sometimes hinders her in a professional environment.

• Не будь таким эмоциональным; давай обсудим это спокойно.

  Don't be so emotional; let's discuss this calmly.

• Эмоциональный всплеск привел к конфликту в семье.

  The emotional outburst led to a conflict in the family.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'эмоциональный' (adjective) and 'эмоционально' (adverb) follow standard Russian inflection patterns. Adjectives like 'эмоциональный' decline based on gender, number, and case, while adverbs like 'эмоционально' typically do not inflect.

For 'эмоциональный' (adjective):

'Эмоционально' as an adverb remains unchanged in all contexts.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • чувствительный (chuvstvitel'nyy) - More focused on sensitivity; often used interchangeably but implies a physical or sensory aspect.
  • душевный (dushenvyy) - Emphasizes soulful or heartfelt emotions, common in poetic or informal contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • бесстрастный (besstrastnyy) - Lacking emotion, often used in formal or professional settings.
  • спокойный (spokoynyy) - Calm and composed, contrasting with excessive emotionality.

Related Phrases:

• Эмоциональный фон (emotsional'nyy fon) - Emotional background; refers to the underlying emotional atmosphere in a situation.
• Эмоционально заряженный (emotsional'no zaryazhennyy) - Emotionally charged; used for situations or objects full of intensity.
• Эмоциональный интеллект (emotsional'nyy intellekt) - Emotional intelligence; a common phrase in psychology and self-help contexts.

Usage Notes:

'Эмоциональный' directly corresponds to the English 'emotional' as an adjective, but Russians often use it in contexts where subtlety is key—avoid overusing it in casual speech to prevent sounding dramatic. In formal writing, pair it with nouns like 'реакция' (reaction) for precision. When choosing between translations, opt for 'эмоционально' for adverbial uses. Be mindful of gender and case agreements in sentences.

• Grammar tip: Always decline the adjective to match the noun it describes.
• Context guide: In everyday Russian, this word can carry a neutral or positive connotation, unlike in English where it might imply negativity.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse 'эмоциональный' by not declining it properly, e.g., saying "эмоциональный женщина" instead of "эмоциональная женщина" (emotional woman). Correct form: Ensure agreement in gender, number, and case. Another error is confusing it with 'эмоциональный' and 'чувствительный'; the latter is better for physical sensitivity. Example of error: "Он эмоциональный человек" (correct), vs. "Он эмоциональный" without context (incomplete and awkward).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, expressing emotions openly is often valued in literature and art, as seen in works by authors like Dostoevsky. However, in daily life, excessive emotionality might be viewed as unprofessional, reflecting a cultural emphasis on restraint in public settings.

Related Concepts:

• чувство (chuvstvo) - Feeling
• психология (psikhologiya) - Psychology
• внутренний мир (vnutrenniy mir) - Inner world