Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'emit'

English Word: emit

Key Russian Translations:

• излучать [izluˈt͡ɕatʲ] - [Formal, often used in scientific or physical contexts]
• испускать [ispuˈskatʲ] - [Formal, commonly for emitting sounds, gases, or particles]
• выделять [vɨdʲiˈlʲatʲ] - [Informal or neutral, especially for emitting smells, heat, or substances]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in scientific, technical, or everyday contexts involving physics, but not in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations and context-specific usage, with some translations like "излучать" being more advanced due to scientific connotations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

излучать: [izluˈt͡ɕatʲ]

испускать: [ispuˈskatʲ]

выделять: [vɨdʲiˈlʲatʲ]

Note on излучать: The stress falls on the second syllable; be cautious with the palatalized 't͡ɕ' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers. It may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To send out or give off light, radiation, or energy (e.g., in scientific contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• излучать - Used in formal or technical settings, such as describing electromagnetic waves or radiation emission.
• испускать - Applied in contexts involving physical release, like emitting signals or particles, often in physics or engineering.

Usage Examples:

• Солнце излучает свет и тепло, делая возможной жизнь на Земле.

  The sun emits light and heat, making life on Earth possible.

• Радиоактивные вещества испускают частицы, что требует специальной защиты.

  Radioactive substances emit particles, which requires special protection.

• Лампа излучает мягкий свет, создавая уютную атмосферу в комнате.

  The lamp emits a soft light, creating a cozy atmosphere in the room.

• Эти устройства испускают электромагнитные волны для связи.

  These devices emit electromagnetic waves for communication.

• Звезда излучает энергию в космос, влияя на окружающие планеты.

  The star emits energy into space, affecting surrounding planets.

Meaning 2: To produce or release sounds, gases, or other substances (e.g., in everyday or biological contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• испускать - Common for audible or tangible emissions, like sounds or exhalations.
• выделять - Often used for non-physical emissions, such as scents or chemicals, in informal descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Дымоход испускает пар из трубы, сигнализируя о работе печи.

  The chimney emits steam from the pipe, signaling that the stove is working.

• Цветы выделяют аромат, привлекающий пчел для опыления.

  Flowers emit a scent, attracting bees for pollination.

• Автомобильный двигатель испускает выхлопные газы, загрязняя воздух.

  The car engine emits exhaust gases, polluting the air.

• Птица выделяет крик, предупреждая стаю о опасности.

  The bird emits a cry, warning the flock of danger.

• Фабрика испускает шум, мешая соседям спать ночью.

  The factory emits noise, disturbing neighbors' sleep at night.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations are verbs and follow standard Russian conjugation patterns, which are imperfective. They are conjugated based on tense, aspect, person, and number. For example, "излучать" is an imperfective verb and has regular conjugations.

Note: These verbs do not have irregular forms in the present tense but change in past and future tenses. For perfective aspects (e.g., излучить), consult advanced grammar resources.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • радировать (radiate, similar to излучать but more specific to broadcasting)
  • выбрасывать (emit forcefully, e.g., for waste or projectiles)
  • производить (produce, less formal for sounds or effects)
• Antonyms:
  • поглощать (absorb)
  • удерживать (retain or hold back)

Brief note: "Радировать" is often used in media contexts, while "выбрасывать" implies a more sudden emission.

Related Phrases:

• Излучать тепло - Emit heat (used in descriptions of fire or heating systems)
• Испускать сигнал - Emit a signal (common in technology or communication contexts)
• Выделять газы - Emit gases (often related to environmental or health issues)
• Излучать энергию - Emit energy (scientific phrase for radiation or power output)

Usage Notes:

"Emit" in English corresponds most closely to "излучать" in scientific contexts, but choose "испускать" for physical or auditory emissions and "выделять" for biological ones. Be mindful of formality: "излучать" is preferred in academic writing, while "выделять" suits everyday speech. Grammatically, these verbs require agreement with the subject in person and number, and they often pair with accusative objects (e.g., излучает свет). When selecting among translations, consider the context to avoid ambiguity—e.g., use "излучать" for light-based emissions rather than sounds.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "излучать" with "излучить" (perfective form) and using it incorrectly in tense. For example, learners might say "Я излучил свет" when meaning ongoing action.

  Correct: Use "излучаю" for present imperfective. Explanation: Russian verbs have aspect; "излучать" is imperfective for ongoing actions, while "излучить" is perfective for completed ones.

• Error: Overusing "выделять" in technical contexts where "излучать" is more precise, e.g., saying "Солнце выделяет свет" instead of "излучает свет".

  Correct: "Солнце излучает свет". Explanation: "Выделять" implies separation or release, which is less accurate for energy emission.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and language, words like "излучать" are heavily influenced by scientific and technological advancements, especially post-Soviet era developments in physics and space exploration. For instance, references to emitting radiation might evoke cultural pride in Russia's space program, such as the emissions from satellites or cosmic phenomena discussed in popular science media.

Related Concepts:

• поглощать (absorb)
• отражать (reflect)
• преломлять (refract)
• генерировать (generate)