Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'emigration'

English Word: emigration

Key Russian Translations:

• эмиграция [ɪmʲɪˈɡrat͡sɨjə] - [Formal]

Frequency: Medium (Common in discussions of history, politics, and demographics, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate level, as it involves understanding abstract concepts and formal vocabulary; suitable for learners with some familiarity with Russian nouns and societal topics)

Pronunciation (Russian):

эмиграция: [ɪmʲɪˈɡrat͡sɨjə]

Note on эмиграция: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ('ra'), which is a common point of difficulty for English speakers. The 'г' is pronounced as a voiced velar fricative [ɡ], and the 'я' at the end softens the preceding consonant.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The act of leaving one's country permanently to live in another, often due to political, economic, or social reasons.

Translation(s) & Context:

• эмиграция - Used in formal contexts, such as academic, historical, or political discussions, to describe voluntary or forced migration abroad.

Usage Examples:

• Моя бабушка пережила эмиграцию в 1920-х годах из-за революции.

  My grandmother experienced emigration in the 1920s due to the revolution.

• Эмиграция из России в Европу увеличилась в начале XX века.

  Emigration from Russia to Europe increased at the beginning of the 20th century.

• Многие интеллектуалы выбрали эмиграцию, чтобы избежать преследований.

  Many intellectuals chose emigration to avoid persecution.

• Эмиграция может быть сложным процессом, требующим адаптации к новой культуре.

  Emigration can be a challenging process that requires adapting to a new culture.

• Современная эмиграция часто связана с поиском лучших экономических возможностей.

  Modern emigration is often linked to seeking better economic opportunities.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Эмиграция" is a feminine noun in Russian, belonging to the first declension. It follows regular patterns for feminine nouns ending in -я. Below is a table outlining its inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • исход (ishod) - Often used in historical contexts, implying a mass departure.
  • переселение (pereseleniye) - More general, referring to relocation, but can imply emigration in broader terms.
• Antonyms:
  • иммиграция (immigratsiya) - The act of entering and settling in a new country.
  • возвращение (vozvrashcheniye) - Return to one's home country.

Related Phrases:

• политическая эмиграция - Political emigration; refers to leaving due to political reasons, often in exile.
• массовое переселение - Mass emigration; used for large-scale movements of people.
• экономическая эмиграция - Economic emigration; highlights migration for job or financial opportunities.

Usage Notes:

"Эмиграция" directly corresponds to the English "emigration" and is typically used in formal or written contexts, such as news articles, historical texts, or academic discussions. It emphasizes the act of leaving rather than arriving, distinguishing it from "иммиграция." Be mindful of Russian case usage; for example, in sentences like "из-за эмиграции" (because of emigration), it takes the genitive case. When choosing between synonyms, opt for "эмиграция" in international or historical contexts for precision. It's neutral in tone but can carry emotional weight in cultural narratives.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "эмиграция" with "иммиграция": English learners often mix these up. Incorrect: "Я иммигрировал из России" (meaning emigration). Correct: "Я эмигрировал из России" (I emigrated from Russia). Explanation: "Эмиграция" focuses on departure, while "иммиграция" focuses on arrival.

• Improper case usage: Forgetting to decline the noun, e.g., saying "в эмиграция" instead of "в эмиграции." Correct form: "в эмиграции" (in emigration). Explanation: Russian requires nouns to agree in case with prepositions and verbs.

• Overgeneralizing to everyday migration: Using "эмиграция" for short-term travel, e.g., "Моя поездка — это эмиграция." Correct: Avoid this; reserve it for permanent relocation. Explanation: It implies a more permanent and significant change.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and history, "эмиграция" often evokes the White Russian emigration after the 1917 Revolution, where many fled to Europe and beyond. This term carries connotations of loss, exile, and cultural diaspora, influencing Russian literature and identity. For instance, figures like Vladimir Nabokov embodied this experience, highlighting how emigration shaped modern Russian art and society.

Related Concepts:

• иммиграция
• миграция
• диаспора
• переселение