Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'emergency'

English Word: emergency

Key Russian Translations:

• чрезвычайная ситуация /tʃrɪzvɨˈtʃajnəjə sɪtʊˈatsɨjə/ - [Formal, used in official or serious contexts]
• экстренный случай /ɪkˈstrɛnnɨj ˈslʊtʃæj/ - [Informal, commonly used in everyday conversations or media]
• авария /ɐˈvarʲijə/ - [Technical or specific, used when referring to accidents or system failures]

Frequency: High (This word and its translations are frequently encountered in news, safety instructions, and emergency services contexts in Russian-speaking regions.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires understanding of noun phrases and basic declensions. For 'авария', it may be A2 for beginners due to its simpler form.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

чрезвычайная ситуация: /tʃrɪzvɨˈtʃajnəjə sɪtʊˈatsɨjə/

экстренный случай: /ɪkˈstrɛnnɨj ˈslʊtʃæj/

авария: /ɐˈvarʲijə/ (Note that the stress is on the second syllable, and the 'р' is rolled, which can be challenging for English speakers.)

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A sudden, unexpected situation requiring immediate action (e.g., medical, natural disaster, or safety-related).

Translation(s) & Context:

• чрезвычайная ситуация - Used in formal reports, government announcements, or emergency protocols, emphasizing urgency and severity.
• экстренный случай - Applied in informal settings like daily conversations or media, for quick reference to urgent events.
• авария - Specific to technical failures, such as in engineering or transportation contexts.

Usage Examples:

• В случае чрезвычайной ситуации звоните по номеру 112. (In case of an emergency, call 112.)

  English: In case of an emergency, call 112.

• Экстренный случай в больнице потребовал немедленного вмешательства врачей. (An emergency at the hospital required immediate intervention by doctors.)

  English: An emergency at the hospital required immediate intervention by doctors.

• Из-за аварии на дороге движение было полностью заблокировано. (Due to an emergency on the road, traffic was completely blocked.)

  English: Due to an emergency on the road, traffic was completely blocked.

• Чрезвычайная ситуация в регионе привела к эвакуации жителей. (The emergency in the region led to the evacuation of residents.)

  English: The emergency in the region led to the evacuation of residents.

• Экстренный случай на борту самолета заставил пилота изменить курс. (An emergency on the aircraft forced the pilot to change course.)

  English: An emergency on the aircraft forced the pilot to change course.

A state of urgency in non-literal contexts, such as in medicine or law (e.g., emergency services).

Translation(s) & Context:

• чрезвычайная ситуация - In legal or medical contexts, highlighting protocols and responses.
• экстренный случай - Informal discussions about healthcare or public services.

Usage Examples:

• Медицинские бригады готовы к любой чрезвычайной ситуации. (Medical teams are prepared for any emergency.)

  English: Medical teams are prepared for any emergency.

• В экстренном случае всегда имейте при себе аптечку. (In an emergency, always have a first-aid kit with you.)

  English: In an emergency, always have a first-aid kit with you.

• Чрезвычайная ситуация в суде может повлиять на решение. (An emergency in court could affect the decision.)

  English: An emergency in court could affect the decision.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

The primary translations are noun phrases or nouns, which follow standard Russian declension rules. For example, 'чрезвычайная ситуация' is a feminine noun phrase and declines based on case and number.

'Экстренный случай' is less inflected as a phrase but follows the rules of its components. Note that 'экстренный' is an adjective and agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • кризис (krizis) - Often used for broader crises; less formal than 'чрезвычайная ситуация'.
  • катастрофа (katastrofa) - Implies a more severe, disastrous event.
  • срочность (srochnost') - Focuses on urgency rather than the full situation.
• Antonyms:
  • нормальная ситуация (normal'naya situatsiya) - A routine or stable situation.
  • спокойствие (spokojstvie) - Peace or calm, contrasting with urgency.

Related Phrases:

• В случае чрезвычайной ситуации (V sluchae chrezvychajnoj situatsii) - In case of an emergency; used for contingency planning.
• Экстренная помощь (Ekstrennaya pomoshch') - Emergency assistance; common in medical contexts.
• Аварийный выход (Avariejnyj vykhod) - Emergency exit; refers to safety features.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'чрезвычайная ситуация' is the most precise equivalent to 'emergency' in formal English contexts, such as legal or governmental documents, while 'экстренный случай' suits everyday speech. Be mindful of gender agreement when using adjectives like 'экстренный'. For beginners, start with 'авария' for simpler scenarios. Always consider the context: Russian often pairs these with verbs like 'возникать' (to arise) or 'реагировать' (to respond) to convey action.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'экстренный' as a standalone noun instead of with a noun, e.g., saying just 'экстренный' for 'emergency'.
  Correct: Use 'экстренный случай' or full phrases.
  Explanation: 'Экстренный' is an adjective, so it needs a noun; this error can make sentences grammatically incorrect.
• Mistake: Confusing declensions, e.g., using nominative in all cases.
  Correct: In genitive, say 'чрезвычайной ситуации' instead of 'чрезвычайная ситуация'.
  Explanation: Russian nouns change based on case, which affects meaning in context.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, emergencies are often associated with state-run services like the universal emergency number 112, which handles fire, police, and medical issues. The term 'чрезвычайная ситуация' may evoke historical contexts, such as Soviet-era disaster responses, emphasizing collective action and government involvement.

Related Concepts:

• спасение (spaseniye)
• пожар (pozhar)
• медицинская помощь (medicinskaya pomoshch')
• эвакуация (evakuatsiya)