Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'eightieth'

English Word: eightieth

Key Russian Translations:

• восьмидесятый [vɐsʲmʲɪˈdʲesʲtɨj] - [Adjective, Masculine, Formal]
• восьмидесятая [vɐsʲmʲɪˈdʲesʲtəjə] - [Adjective, Feminine, Formal]
• восьмидесятое [vɐsʲmʲɪˈdʲesʲtəjə] - [Adjective, Neuter, Formal]
• восьмидесятые [vɐsʲmʲɪˈdʲesʲtɨje] - [Adjective, Plural, Formal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in contexts like ages, anniversaries, or historical references, but not as frequent as cardinal numbers in everyday speech).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; learners need to understand ordinal numbers and basic adjective declensions, which can be challenging for those new to Russian grammar).

Pronunciation (Russian):

восьмидесятый: [vɐsʲmʲɪˈdʲesʲtɨj]

восьмидесятая: [vɐsʲmʲɪˈdʲesʲtəjə]

восьмидесятое: [vɐsʲmʲɪˈdʲesʲtəjə]

восьмидесятые: [vɐsʲmʲɪˈdʲesʲtɨje]

Note on восьмидесятый: The pronunciation emphasizes the stress on the third syllable; be careful with the palatalized 's' sound, which is a common challenge for English speakers. Variations may occur in rapid speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The ordinal number corresponding to eighty, used to denote position in a sequence (e.g., 80th).

Translation(s) & Context:

• восьмидесятый - Used in formal or written contexts for masculine nouns, such as describing the 80th item in a list or the 80th year of something.
• восьмидесятая - Applied to feminine nouns, like the 80th edition of a book or the 80th anniversary.
• восьмидесятое - For neuter nouns, such as the 80th century or a neutral event.
• восьмидесятые - In plural form for groups or collections, e.g., the 1980s era.

Usage Examples:

• Моя бабушка отмечает свой восьмидесятый день рождения в этом году.

  My grandmother is celebrating her eightieth birthday this year. (This example shows the feminine form in a personal, familial context.)

• Это восьмойдесятый выпуск нашей газеты, и он посвящен истории России.

  This is the eightieth issue of our newspaper, and it is dedicated to Russian history. (Illustrates the masculine form in a formal, publishing context.)

• Восьмидесятое столетие принесло много изменений в мировую политику.

  The eightieth century brought many changes to world politics. (Uses the neuter form for historical periods, though note that 'eightieth century' is not standard English; typically, we say 'eighth century'.)

• Восьмидесятые годы были эпохой больших перемен в Советском Союзе.

  The eightieth years were an era of great changes in the Soviet Union. (Plural form in a historical context, referring to the 1980s.)

• Он занял восьмойдесятое место в конкурсе, что для него большая честь.

  He took the eightieth place in the competition, which is a great honor for him. (Demonstrates the neuter form in a competitive or ranking scenario.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

As an ordinal adjective derived from the cardinal number 'восемьдесят' (eighty), 'восьмидесятый' and its variants follow the standard rules for Russian adjectives, which means they decline by gender, number, and case. This is a regular pattern for ordinal numbers in Russian, but it requires attention to grammatical agreement.

For irregular forms or exceptions, note that ordinal numbers like this are generally predictable, but always agree with the noun they modify.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • восьмидесятый (no direct synonyms, but related: восемьдесятный - though less common and more specific to certain contexts)
  • Note: In informal speech, numbers might be expressed as cardinal with context, e.g., "восемьдесят" with implied ordinal meaning, but this is not exact.
• Antonyms:
  • первый (first)
  • второй (second)

Related Phrases:

• восьмидесятилетний юбилей - An eightieth anniversary celebration (used for personal or institutional milestones).
• восьмидесятый век - The eightieth century (though historically inaccurate; often misused for emphasis in poetic or archaic contexts).
• достигнуть восьмидесятого уровня - To reach the eightieth level (in games or metaphorical progressions).

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'eightieth' translates to forms of 'восьмидесятый', which must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun it describes, unlike English where 'eightieth' remains unchanged. For English speakers, remember that Russian ordinal numbers are adjectives and require declension. Use the feminine form for words like 'год' (year) in birthdays, and be cautious in formal writing. If multiple translations exist, choose based on the noun's gender for accuracy.

• Contextual tip: In everyday conversation, Russians might use cardinal numbers with context (e.g., 'восемьдесят лет' for 'eighty years'), but for precise ordinal use, stick to the declined forms.
• Grammar note: Always ensure agreement to avoid common errors in sentence structure.

Common Errors:

One common mistake is using the cardinal form 'восемьдесят' instead of the ordinal 'восьмидесятый', e.g., saying 'восемьдесят день рождения' instead of 'восьмидесятый день рождения'. Correct usage: 'восьмидесятый день рождения'. This error occurs because English doesn't require such distinctions, leading to confusion in agreement. Another error is incorrect case: for example, using nominative in a genitive context, like 'восьмидесятого года' should be 'восьмидесятого' for possession, not 'восьмидесятый'.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, reaching one's eightieth birthday (восьмидесятый день рождения) is a significant milestone, often celebrated with family gatherings and sometimes official recognition, reflecting the value placed on longevity and wisdom in elderly individuals. Historically, references to the 'eightieth' might evoke events from the 1980s (восьмидесятые годы), a period of Perestroika and major reforms in the Soviet Union, adding a layer of historical connotation.

Related Concepts:

• восьмидесятый (eightieth, as above)
• восьмидесятые (the 1980s era)
• девяностый (ninetieth)
• семидесятый (seventieth)