Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'dung'

English Word: dung

Key Russian Translations:

• навоз [ˈna.vəs] - [Formal, Agricultural context]

Frequency: Low (This word is not commonly used in everyday conversation but appears in agricultural or scientific discussions.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires basic understanding of Russian nouns and cases, but not overly complex for learners.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

навоз: [ˈna.vəs]

Note on навоз: The stress is on the first syllable, and the 'в' is pronounced as a voiced labiodental fricative. Be cautious with the vowel sounds, as they can vary slightly in different Russian dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Animal excrement, especially when used as fertilizer or manure.

Translation(s) & Context:

• навоз - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as farming, biology, or environmental discussions, to refer to animal waste as a nutrient-rich substance.

Usage Examples:

• В фермерском хозяйстве навоз используется для улучшения почвы.

  In the farm, dung is used to improve the soil.

• Сельские жители собирают навоз от скота для естественного удобрения.

  Rural residents collect dung from livestock for natural fertilization.

• Навоз – это ценный ресурс в органическом земледелии, но его нужно правильно компостировать.

  Dung is a valuable resource in organic farming, but it needs to be properly composted.

• В некоторых регионах навоз сжигают для получения тепла.

  In some regions, dung is burned for heat production.

• Использование навоза в садоводстве помогает повысить урожайность.

  Using dung in gardening helps increase crop yields.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Навоз" is a masculine noun in Russian, belonging to the third declension. It follows standard patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant, with regular inflections across cases and numbers. Below is a table outlining its key forms:

Note: The plural form is less common and used when referring to multiple types or piles of dung. There are no irregular inflections for this word.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • удобрение (udobreniye) - More general term for fertilizer, often used interchangeably in agricultural contexts.
  • фекалии (fekaliyi) - Refers specifically to excrement, but less commonly for animal waste.
• Antonyms:
  • чистота (chistota) - Meaning cleanliness, as it contrasts with the concept of waste.
  • отходы (othody) - General waste, but not a direct antonym; implies processed or non-useful materials.

Related Phrases:

• навозный компост (navoznyy kompost) - Dung compost; a phrase used in gardening for decomposed animal waste mixed with other materials.
• собирать навоз (sobirat' navoz) - To collect dung; commonly refers to farm routines for manure management.
• навоз как удобрение (navoz kak udobreniye) - Dung as fertilizer; highlights its practical application in agriculture.

Usage Notes:

"Навоз" directly corresponds to "dung" in English when referring to animal excrement used as manure, but it's more formal and technical in Russian. Avoid using it in casual conversations; opt for this term in agricultural, scientific, or educational contexts. Grammatically, as a masculine noun, it requires appropriate adjective agreements (e.g., "хороший навоз" for "good dung"). When multiple translations exist, choose "навоз" for precision in rural or environmental topics, but "удобрение" if emphasizing the fertilizing aspect.

Common Errors:

• English learners often confuse "навоз" with "мусор" (musor, meaning general trash). Error: Saying "мусор от коровы" instead of "навоз от коровы." Correct: Use "навоз" for animal-specific waste. Explanation: "Мусор" refers to household waste, which is broader and not tied to agricultural use.

• Misapplying cases, e.g., using nominative "навоз" in genitive contexts. Error: "Я имею навоз" instead of "Я имею навоза." Correct: "Я имею навоза" (I have dung's). Explanation: Always adjust for the required case in sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "навоз" is deeply tied to rural and agricultural traditions, especially in historical contexts where it was a primary fertilizer in peasant farming. It symbolizes resourcefulness and sustainability, as seen in Russian literature like Tolstoy's works, where it represents the hardships of rural life. However, in modern urban settings, it's often viewed with distaste, reflecting a cultural shift towards industrialization.

Related Concepts:

• удобрение
• компост
• скот