Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'drawing'

English Word: drawing

Key Russian Translations:

• рисунок [ˈrʲisunək] - [Informal, commonly used in everyday contexts]
• чертеж [ˈt͡ɕertʲɪʐ] - [Formal, technical or engineering contexts]
• эскиз [ˈɛskʲiz] - [Informal, artistic or preliminary sketches]

Frequency: Medium (The word 'drawing' and its translations are moderately common in artistic, educational, and technical discussions, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; learners at this level can grasp basic usage, but understanding nuances in technical or artistic contexts may require more practice. For 'чертеж', it might be B2 due to its specialized nature.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

рисунок: [ˈrʲisunək]

чертеж: [ˈt͡ɕertʲɪʐ]

эскиз: [ˈɛskʲiz]

Note on рисунок: The initial 'р' is rolled, which can be challenging for English speakers; practice with native audio for accurate stress on the first syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A picture or sketch created by hand (e.g., in art or illustration)

Translation(s) & Context:

• рисунок - Used in casual, everyday conversations about art or children's activities.
• эскиз - Applied in creative or preliminary contexts, such as design work.

Usage Examples:

• Я нарисовал красивый рисунок природы. (I drew a beautiful drawing of nature.)

  English: I drew a beautiful drawing of nature. (This example shows the word in a simple artistic context.)

• Этот эскиз поможет нам спроектировать дом. (This drawing will help us design the house.)

  English: This drawing will help us design the house. (Illustrates preliminary or planning use.)

• Дети любят делать рисунки в школе. (Children love making drawings at school.)

  English: Children love making drawings at school. (Demonstrates plural and educational context.)

• Мой рисунок был выбран для выставки. (My drawing was selected for the exhibition.)

  English: My drawing was selected for the exhibition. (Shows possessive and formal context.)

Meaning 2: A technical diagram or plan (e.g., in engineering or architecture)

Translation(s) & Context:

• чертеж - Used in professional, technical, or formal settings like blueprints.

Usage Examples:

• Инженер подготовил точный чертеж моста. (The engineer prepared an accurate drawing of the bridge.)

  English: The engineer prepared an accurate drawing of the bridge. (This highlights technical precision.)

• В этом чертеже указаны все размеры. (This drawing specifies all the dimensions.)

  English: This drawing specifies all the dimensions. (Shows usage in detailed planning.)

• Чертеж был обновлен для нового проекта. (The drawing was updated for the new project.)

  English: The drawing was updated for the new project. (Illustrates modification in professional contexts.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

The primary translations are nouns, which inflect based on case, number, and gender in Russian. 'Рисунок' and 'Чертеж' are masculine nouns, while 'Эскиз' is also masculine. Below is a table for 'рисунок' as an example; similar patterns apply to others with slight variations.

Note: 'Чертеж' follows a similar pattern but is invariant in some technical contexts. 'Эскиз' is generally regular but less commonly inflected in informal use.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • набросок (quick sketch; less detailed than рисунок)
  • иллюстрация (illustration; often used for published drawings)
• Antonyms:
  • текст (text; as opposed to visual representation)

Related Phrases:

• художественный рисунок - Artistic drawing; refers to creative, non-technical visuals.
• технический чертеж - Technical drawing; used in engineering for precise plans.
• сделать эскиз - To make a sketch; a common phrase in design processes.

Usage Notes:

The English word 'drawing' corresponds most directly to 'рисунок' in artistic contexts, but in technical fields, 'чертеж' is more precise to avoid ambiguity. Russian speakers often prefer 'эскиз' for preliminary ideas. Be mindful of gender and case agreements; for example, use the genitive case like 'рисунка' when indicating possession. In formal writing, opt for 'чертеж' over 'рисунок' for professional accuracy.

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'рисунок' with 'картина' (painting): Learners might overuse 'рисунок' for finished artworks; correct usage: "Это не рисунок, а картина" (This is not a drawing, but a painting).
• Misinflecting nouns: Forgetting case changes, e.g., saying "в рисунок" instead of "в рисунке" (in the drawing); correct: Use prepositional case as needed.
• Overgeneralizing translations: Assuming 'drawing' always means 'рисунок'; in technical contexts, use 'чертеж' to match the formality.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'рисунок' often evokes folk art and educational traditions, such as in children's drawings or iconic Soviet-era illustrations. Terms like 'чертеж' reflect Russia's strong emphasis on engineering heritage, linked to figures like Peter the Great's modernization efforts, adding a layer of historical pride to technical drawings.

Related Concepts:

• иллюстрация
• скетч
• дизайн