Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'disturbance'

English Word: disturbance

Key Russian Translations:

• возмущение [vɐzmʊˈʂenʲje] - [Formal, often used in contexts involving emotional or political unrest]
• беспорядок [bʲɪspɐˈrʲadək] - [Informal, typically for physical or everyday chaos]
• нарушение [nɐˈruʂənʲje] - [Formal, especially in legal or regulatory contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in news, literature, and everyday discussions, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary)

Difficulty: B1 Intermediate (Requires understanding of noun declensions and context; for 'возмущение' and 'нарушение', it's B2 Upper-Intermediate due to abstract connotations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

возмущение: [vɐzmʊˈʂenʲje]

Note on возмущение: The 'щ' sound (as in [ʂ]) is a voiceless palatal fricative, similar to 'sh' in 'she' but more emphatic; be careful with stress on the third syllable.

беспорядок: [bʲɪspɐˈrʲadək]

Note on беспорядок: The 'р' is rolled; stress falls on the third syllable, and the initial 'б' is soft.

нарушение: [nɐˈruʂənʲje]

Note on нарушение: Pronounce the 'ш' as a soft [ʂ], and note the palatalization of the final 'e' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A disruption of peace, order, or tranquility (e.g., social or emotional unrest)

Translation(s) & Context:

• возмущение - Used in formal or literary contexts, such as describing protests or emotional disturbances.

Usage Examples:

• В городе возникло возмущение из-за новых законов.

  A disturbance arose in the city due to the new laws.

• Его речь вызвала общественное возмущение.

  His speech provoked public disturbance.

• Возмущение в толпе быстро переросло в беспорядки.

  The disturbance in the crowd quickly turned into riots.

• Это возмущение было вызвано несправедливостью.

  This disturbance was caused by injustice.

• Возмущение среди жителей не утихает.

  The disturbance among residents does not subside.

Meaning 2: A state of disorder or irregularity (e.g., physical or situational chaos)

Translation(s) & Context:

• беспорядок - Common in informal settings, like describing a messy room or disorganized event.

Usage Examples:

• В комнате был полный беспорядок после вечеринки.

  There was complete disturbance in the room after the party.

• Беспорядок в графике помешал встрече.

  The disturbance in the schedule hindered the meeting.

• Его беспорядок мыслей привел к ошибкам.

  His mental disturbance led to mistakes.

• Беспорядок на улице вызвал задержки в транспорте.

  The disturbance on the street caused delays in transportation.

• Этот беспорядок нужно устранить срочно.

  This disturbance needs to be fixed immediately.

Meaning 3: A violation of rules or norms (e.g., legal or behavioral)

Translation(s) & Context:

• нарушение - Applied in formal, legal, or professional contexts, such as breaking laws or protocols.

Usage Examples:

• Нарушение тишины ночью карается штрафом.

  Disturbance of the peace at night is punishable by a fine.

• Это нарушение правил безопасности недопустимо.

  This disturbance of safety rules is unacceptable.

• Нарушение контракта может привести к суду.

  Disturbance of the contract could lead to court.

• Его нарушение дисциплины было предупреждено.

  His disturbance of discipline was warned about.

• Нарушение графика вызвало хаос в проекте.

  The disturbance of the schedule caused chaos in the project.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations are nouns. Russian nouns inflect based on case, number, and gender. 'Возмущение' and 'нарушение' are neuter nouns, while 'беспорядок' is masculine.

For 'возмущение' (neuter, 2nd declension):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	возмущение	возмущения
Genitive	возмущения	возмущений
Dative	возмущению	возмущениям
Accusative	возмущение	возмущения
Instrumental	возмущением	возмущениями
Prepositional	возмущении	возмущениях

For 'беспорядок' (masculine, follows standard pattern with some irregularities in genitive plural):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	беспорядок	беспорядки
Genitive	беспорядка	беспорядков

For 'нарушение' (neuter), it follows a similar pattern to 'возмущение' with regular inflections.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • смятение [s mʲatʲɪˈnʲje] - More emotional turmoil
  • хаос [xaˈos] - Complete disorder
• Antonyms:
  • порядок [pɐˈrʲadək] - Order
  • спокойствие [spɐˈkɔjnstvʲɪje] - Calmness

Related Phrases:

• общественное возмущение - Public disturbance; often used in media to describe protests.
• нарушение общественного порядка - Disturbance of public order; a legal term for civil unrest.
• внутренний беспорядок - Internal disturbance; refers to personal or psychological chaos.

Usage Notes:

'Disturbance' translates variably in Russian based on context: use 'возмущение' for emotional or social issues, 'беспорядок' for informal disarray, and 'нарушение' for legal breaches. Be mindful of formality—'возмущение' is preferred in written or official language, while 'беспорядок' suits casual speech. Grammatically, these nouns require case agreement with prepositions (e.g., 'из-за возмущения' for 'because of the disturbance'). When choosing among translations, consider the audience: formal for professional settings, informal for everyday conversations.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'возмущение' with 'возбуждение' (excitement). Correct: 'Возмущение' means disturbance, not arousal. Example of error: Using 'возбуждение' in a protest context; Correct: 'возмущение'.

• Error: Forgetting to decline the noun in sentences, e.g., saying 'из возмущение' instead of 'из возмущения'. Explanation: Russian requires genitive case after certain prepositions; always check the case table.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'возмущение' often carries historical connotations, such as the uprisings during the Russian Revolution, symbolizing resistance against authority. This adds a layer of emotional depth, making it more than just a neutral term for disturbance.

Related Concepts:

• революция [rʲɪvɐˈlʲuʦɨjə]
• бунт [bunt]
• хаос [xaˈos]